摘要
试验旨在探讨犊牛日粮中添加不同益生菌对其生长性能、消化率、氮代谢、免疫指标和腹泻发生的影响。选取42头20日龄荷斯坦犊牛,按照体重相近、公母各半的原则分成7组,每组6头牛,对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组分别在基础日粮中添加0.1%枯草芽孢杆菌、0.05%腊样芽孢杆菌、0.2%乳酸杆菌、0.1%酵母菌、0.05%粪肠球菌和0.1%地衣芽孢杆菌。预饲期10 d,正试期75 d。结果表明:(1)105日龄时试验组体重高于对照组,其中0.2%乳酸杆菌组和0.05%粪肠球菌组体重显著高于对照组(P<0.05),60和105日龄时0.2%乳酸杆菌组体格高于对照组(P<0.05);30~105日龄0.2%乳酸杆菌组、0.1%酵母菌组、0.05%粪肠球菌组和0.1%地衣芽孢杆菌组日增重显著高于0.1%枯草芽孢杆菌组和对照组(P<0.05);(2)105日龄时0.05%粪肠球菌组干物质(DM)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)和60日龄时0.2%乳酸杆菌组有机物(OM)、NDF表观消化率均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),105日龄时0.1%酵母菌组NDF表观消化率极显著高于对照组(P<0.01),ADF表观消化率显著高于对照组(P<0.05);(3)60日龄、105日龄时0.2%乳酸杆菌组、0.05%粪肠球菌组IgG含量极显著高于对照组(P<0.01),显著高于其他试验组(P<0.05);60日龄时0.05%粪肠球菌组的IgM、IgA含量和0.1%地衣芽孢杆菌组IgA含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05);(4)0.2%乳酸杆菌组和0.05%粪肠球菌组腹泻频率最低,粪便评分中对照组和0.05%腊样芽孢杆菌组较高。综上所述,益生菌对断奶后犊牛生长发育性能有促进作用,其中乳酸菌和粪肠球菌效果更明显;益生菌对犊牛DM、OM、NDF、ADF表观消化率及氮代谢有显著提升,粪肠球菌、酵母菌和乳酸菌在NDF和ADF表观消化率要优于其他益生菌;添加粪肠球菌可提高犊牛免疫球蛋白含量,益生菌能降低犊牛腹泻发生的概率,乳酸菌和粪肠球菌的降低的效果更佳。
To study the effects of different probiotics supplementation in diets on growth performance,digestibility and metabolism,immune indexes and diarrhea of calves,42 Holstein calves aged 20 days were divided into 7 groups according to the principle of similar body weight and half male and half female,each group 6 calves.The control group was fed with basic diet.The experimental group was supplemented with 0.1%Bacillus subtilis,0.05%Bacillus subtilis,0.2%Lactobacillus,0.1%yeast,0.05%Enterococcus faecalis and 0.1%Bacillus licheniformis,respectively.The pre-feeding period was 10 days and the trial period was 75 days.The results showed:(1)at 105 days of age,the weight of the experimental group was higher than that of the control group,the body weight of calves in 0.2%Lactobacillus group and 0.05%Enterococcus faecalis group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05),and at 60 days and 150 days of age,the physique of 0.2%Lactobacillus group was higher than that of the control group(P<0.05),daily weight gain of the 0.2%Lactobacillus group,0.1%yeast group,0.05%Enterococcus faecalis group,and 0.1%Bacillus licheniformis group was significantly higher than that of the 0.1%Bacillus subtilis group and control group(P<0.05)at 30~150 days of age.(2)At 105 days old,the dry matter,NDF,ADF,OM and NDF apparent digestibility of the 0.05%Enterococcus faecalis group and the 0.2%Lactobacillus group were significantly higher than the control group(P<0.05).At 105 days old,the NDF apparent digestibility of the 0.1%yeast group was significantly higher than the control group(P<0.01),and the ADF apparent digestibility was significantly higher than the control group(P<0.05).(3)At 60 and 105 days of age,the IgG content in the 0.2%Lactobacillus group and 0.05%Enterococcus faecalis group was significantly higher than the control group(P<0.01)and significantly higher than other experimental groups(P<0.05);At the age of 60 days,the IgM and IgA contents in the 0.05%Enterococcus fecal group and the 0.1%Bacillus licheniformis group were signific
作者
王丽娟
张永根
WANG Lijuan;ZHANG Yonggen(College of Agriculture,Eastern Liaoning University,Dandong,Liaoning 118001,China;College of Animal Science and Technology,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin,Heilongjiang 150030,China)
出处
《家畜生态学报》
北大核心
2024年第1期39-46,共8页
Journal of Domestic Animal Ecology
基金
国家奶牛产业技术体系(CARS-36)。
关键词
益生菌
犊牛
生长性能
消化率
氮代谢
免疫指标
probiotics
calf
growth performance
digestibility
nitrogen metabolism
immune indexes
