摘要
行记是中国古代特有的一种文类,其基本职能专述古人出行的经历、见闻、感受。其表层结构和内在精神都可从史书那里找到发展线索。从大的方面来讲,行记的产生受到了先秦史官文化的影响,在国家的职官系统中有具体的一些职事官来记录“远行”。从更加具体的层面来看,先秦的一些典籍,如《禹贡》《山海经》《穆天子传》等都与记录远行有关,诸作在记述风格、记述方式,对行记产生了深远的影响。就体例、特征而言,古行记的体裁源于上古史书中的纪传体和编年体,脱胎于史部传记,保留了史书以记事为职的这一特点,专注于远行之事,铺叙游历见闻,是一种主于纪行的“行传”。部分行记还被放在史部地理类,这又昭示它在内容上偏向于地理行游。唐宋时期行记体式进一步完善,形成了一种相对稳定的文体。
The travel note was a unique genre in ancient China,its basic function was to describe the ancient people’s travel experience,seeing and feeling.Both its surface structure and its inner spirit could be found in historical books.From a large point of view,the emergence of travel records was influenced by the history officer culture of the Pre-Qin Dynasty.In the official system of the state,there were some specific official officials to record“travel”.From a more specific point of view,some pre-Qin classics,such as Yu Gong,Shan Hai Jing,Mu Tianzi Biography and so on,were related to the record of long trips,and they had a profound impact on the style and method of description.In terms of style and characteristics,the genre of ancient travel records was derived from the Chronicles and Chronicles in ancient history books,and was derived from the biography of the history Department,which retained the characteristics of historical books to record things.It was a kind of“travel biography”that describes the writing,focused on the long journey,and described the travels.Some of travel notes were also placed in the geography category of the History Department,which indicated that they were travel notes biased towards geography in content.In the Tang and Song Dynasties,the style of travel notes was further improved,forming a relatively stable style.
作者
刘师健
LIU Shijian(Literature Research Institute,Hunan Academy of Social Sciences,Changsha,Hunan 410003,China)
出处
《江西师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》
北大核心
2023年第6期151-158,共8页
Journal of Jiangxi Normal University(Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition)
基金
国家社会科学基金后期资助项目“宋代行记的文体形态及其文化意蕴”(编号:22FZWB027)。
关键词
行记
史学渊源
传
地记
文体特征
travel notes
origin of history
biography
travel notes of geography
stylistic feature
