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哈巴河流域蒸散发遥感估算与耗水特征评价

Remote Sensing Estimation of Evapotranspiration and Evaluation of Water Consumption Characteristics in Haba River Basin
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摘要 蒸散发是干旱区农业绿洲水分消耗的主要途径,准确估算哈巴河流域实际蒸散发量,分析其时空变化规律,挖掘土地利用变化对实际蒸散发的影响,对流域水资源科学管理和高效利用具有重要意义。基于2000-2020年的MOD16遥感数据集,估算哈巴河流域实际蒸散发量,利用Theil-Sen趋势度及Mann-Kendall检验法,分析流域内实际蒸散发时空分布变化规律,通过土地利用动态度法探究流域内土地利用变化程度,结合实际蒸散发量揭示流域内不同土地利用类型下ET的差异性变化特征,并对流域内耗水特征进行评价。结果表明:①时间尺度上,ET年际波动较大,总体呈增加趋势,年增长率为1.4177mm/a;年内变化呈先增后减的变化趋势,季节差异明显。②空间尺度上,ET呈现出显著的空间差异性,呈现北部山区高,南部平原区低,流域中上游高,下游低的分布格局。③不同土地利用类型的平均ET大小表现为林地>耕地>草地>未利用地。④研究区多年平均耗水总量为24.53亿m^(3)。在大尺度地区,MODIS遥感数据适用性较高。林地、耕地等植被覆盖度较高的区域蒸散发明显高于荒漠区等植被覆盖度低的区域,受人类活动的影响,土地利用类型的变化导致其蒸散发及耗水量也随之改变,耗水量与植被覆盖度密切相关。 Evapotranspiration is the main mechanism of water consumption in agricultural oasis in arid areas.Accurately estimating the actual evapotranspiration in the Haba River Basin,analyzing its temporal and spatial variation,and exploring the impact of land use change on actual evapotranspiration are of great significance for the scientific management and efficient utilization of water resources in the basin.Based on the MOD16 remote sensing data set from 2000 to 2020,the actual evapotranspiration in the Haba River Basin was estimated.The Theil-Sen trend degree and Mann-Kendall test method were employed to analyze the spatial and temporal distribution of actual evapotranspiration in the basin.The land use dynamic degree method was used to explore the degree of land use change in the basin.Combined with the actual evapotranspiration,the difference of ET under different land use types in the basin was revealed,and the water consumption characteristics in the basin were evaluated.The results show that:①On the temporal scale,the interannual fluctuation of ET is large,and the overall trend is increasing,with an annual growth rate of 1.4177 mm/a;the annual variation showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing,and the seasonal difference was obvious.②On the spatial scale,ET showed a significant spatial difference,showing a distribution pattern of high in the northern mountainous area,low in the southern plain area,high in the middle and upper reaches of the basin,and low in the lower reaches.③The average ET of different land use types showed forest land>cultivated land>grassland>unused land.④The average annual water consumption in the study area is 24.53×108 m^(3).In large-scale areas,MODIS remote sensing data has high applicability.Evapotranspiration in areas with high vegetation coverage such as woodland and cultivated land is significantly higher than that in areas with low vegetation coverage such as desert areas.Affected by human activities,changes in land use types lead to changes in evapotranspirati
作者 姚小晨 高凡 刘坤 YAO Xiao-chen;GAO Fan;LIU Kun(College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China;Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Water Conservancy Engineering Safety and Water Disaster Prevention,Urumqi 830052,China)
出处 《节水灌溉》 北大核心 2024年第1期8-15,共8页 Water Saving Irrigation
基金 塔里木河三源流下泄断面至阿拉尔断面区间河段水量损失分析与对策研究(TGJAKSJJG-2022KYXM0003) 新疆塔里木河重要源流区(阿克苏河流域)山水林田湖草沙一体化保护和修复工程关键问题和关键技术研究(AKSSSXM2022620) 第三次新疆综合科学考察项目(2021xjkk02003) 2022年研究生“新疆水利工程安全与水灾害防治重点实验室”研究项目(ZDSYS-YJS-2022-23)。
关键词 蒸散发 MOD16 土地利用 植被覆盖 时空分布 MANN-KENDALL检验 耗水特征评价 Evapotranspiration MOD16 Land use Vegetation cover Spatiotemporal distribution Mann-Kendall test Water consumption characteristics evaluation
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