摘要
冻土的低渗透性改变了地表水下渗,导致寒区流域产汇流过程发生改变;其季节冻融及引起的活动层深度变化,改变了土壤含水量从而调蓄流域储水量。过去数十年,气候变暖引起冻土退化重塑了寒区水文地质环境、改变了地下水热状况;而多年冻土退化的后果是其所含有的固态冰向液态地下水转化,进而改变多年冻土地下水的时空模态、生态环境和工程设施基础,影响多年冻土的碳汇功能,以及释放封存于其内的温室气体并进一步加速气候变化。尽管水化学和数值模拟技术的发展提升了人们对于冻土地下水补径排和循环机理的理解,但冻土区恶劣的环境和直接监测地下水的困难,仍然使冻土地下水研究存在巨大挑战。本文通过梳理多年冻土地下水相关文献,刻画了多年冻土地下水的时空模态,探讨了冻土与地下水的相互作用,认为在未来的研究中,水化学方法应更加侧重于冻土地下水动态,数值模拟应更加侧重于地下水热过程。另外,还整合了气候变化背景下多年冻土地下水变化的相关研究成果,描述了从补给区-排泄区、冻土融化起始-长期退化至消失过程中地下水的赋存、补径排变化以及这些变化所带来的影响。最后,尝试性探讨了冻土地下水研究未来可能的发展,以期为多年冻土地下水水文、水资源和生态环境研究提供有益参考。
Due to the low permeability of permafrost,the seasonal freeze-thaw cycle and its accompanying hy⁃drothermal transportation,the occurrence,storage and flow processes in the basin was changed,and water re⁃source was affected.Over the past few decades,climate warming has caused permafrost degradation and acceler⁃ated multiphase transformations of water,which is remodeling the hydrogeological conditions in cold regions and changing the groundwater hydrothermal status.Melting of frozen soil ice affects the spatial and temporal pat⁃terns of permafrost groundwater,threatens regional water resources,ecological environment and engineering fa⁃cilities;in addition,this process also releases greenhouse gases and reduces the carbon storage function of per⁃mafrost,thus accelerating climate change.Although hydrogeochemistry and numerical simulation techniques are widely used in cryosphere hydrological studies,that advancing the understanding of permafrost groundwater mechanisms,there are huge challenges in the research of groundwater in permafrost.This review compares arti⁃cles on permafrost groundwater,illustrates the spatial and temporal modalities of permafrost groundwater,dis⁃cusses the interaction between permafrost and groundwater,and highlights the different focuses when studying based on hydrochemical and numerical models.The scattered research results of permafrost groundwater chang⁃es due to climate warming are integrated.The characteristics of permafrost groundwater changes and the hydro⁃logical,ecological and environmental effects of these changes are systematically described in the background of climate warming,spatially from the recharge zone to the discharge zone,and temporally from the initiation of permafrost thawing to long-term degradation to its disappearance.This article provides a reference for the study of hydrology,water resources and ecology of permafrost groundwater.
作者
杜发
李宗省
贡觉扎西
桂娟
周慧玲
DU Fa;LI Zongxing;Gongjue Zhaxi;GUI Juan;ZHOU Huiling(Observation and Research Station of Eco-Hydrology and National Park by Stable Isotope Tracing in Qilian Mountains/Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;College of Geography and Environmental Science,Northwest Normal University,Lanzhou 730070,China;Ali Hydrology and Water Resources Sub-Bureau of Hydrology and Water Resources Survey of Tibet Autonomous Region,Ngari 859000,Tibet,China)
出处
《冰川冻土》
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第6期1789-1803,共15页
Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology
基金
国家自然科学基金区域发展联合基金重点项目(U22A20592)
国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFA0607702)
甘肃省拔尖领军人才项目
中国科学院青年交叉团队项目(JCTD-2022-18)
中国科学院“西部之光”交叉团队项目-重点实验室合作研究专项
甘肃省创新群体项目(20JR10RA038)
中国工程科技发展战略甘肃研究院咨询研究项目(GS2022ZDI03)资助。
关键词
多年冻土地下水
水化学
冻土地下水模型
冻土退化
生态水文效应
permafrost groundwater
hydrogeochemistry
cryohydrogeologic model
permafrost degradation
eco-hydrological effects
