摘要
沉积物微生物在水产养殖生态系统中起着至关重要的作用。围网和围塘养殖是长江中下游淡水湖泊两种主要渔业养殖模式,而当前对围网和围塘养殖模式下沉积物环境差异及其对微生物群落结构影响的了解甚少。采用磷脂脂肪酸(PLFAs)方法分析了菜子湖围网和围塘养殖区沉积物微生物量及其群落组成,应用相关性分析和冗余分析(RDA)方法探究养殖区沉积物微生物量和群落结构与沉积物环境因子间联系,并探讨沉积物微生物指标的生态指示意义。结果表明,养殖区沉积物微生物以细菌为主;围网养殖区季节性淹水沉积物微生物总生物量、细菌总生物量、厌氧菌、放线菌和真菌生物量显著高于围塘养殖区;而常年淹水沉积物微生物总生物量、细菌总生物量、各类细菌生物量和真菌生物量均显著性高于围塘养殖区。围网养殖区沉积物真菌生物量相对比例、F/B和Shannon指数显著高于围塘养殖区,其他各类群微生物生物量相对比例和G^(+)/G^(-)在两种养殖模式下差异均不显著。沉积物粉粒、砂粒、有机质、有效磷等理化性质及抗生素类污染状况可能是解释两种养殖模式下沉积物微生物量和群落结构差异的主要环境因子。PLFAs指示下的沉积物微生物量和微生物群落结构均较灵敏地响应了围网和围塘养殖区的沉积物环境差异;同时围网养殖区沉积物生态系统相对于围塘养殖区更稳定。
Sediment microorganisms play a crucial role in aquaculture ecosystems.The net-open and pond fish farming are main fish farming models in freshwater lakes along the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River,however,there is little knowledge about environmental differences of sediments and their effects on microbial community structure.The differences in microbial biomass and community structure indicated by phospholipid fatty acid(PLFAs)were analyzed in sediments under net-pen and pond fish farming.Correlation analysis and redundancy analysis(RDA)were used to explore the relationship between microbial biomass in sediments,community structure indexes and sediment environmental factors,and the ecological significance of sediment microbial indicators was discussed.The results showed that bacteria dominated the sediment microorganisms.The total microbial biomass,total bacterial biomass,anaerobic bacterial biomass,actinomycete biomass,and fungal biomass in seasonal flooding sediments under net-pen fish farming were significantly higher than those under pond fish farming.Moreover,the total microbial biomass,total bacterial biomass,all species bacterial biomass,and fungal biomass in perennial flooding sediments under net-pen fish farming were significantly higher than those under pond fish farming.Furthermore,the percentage of fungi in total microbes,F/B and Shannon indices,in both seasonal flooding and perennial flooding sediments under the net-pen fish farming,were significantly higher than those under pond fish farming,while the percentage of other microbial groups and G^(+)/G^(−)0020 showed no significant differences.The differences in physical and chemical properties of sediments such as silt,sand,organic matter,and available phosphorus,as well as the effects of antibiotic pollutants,were the main environmental factors that explained the differences in microbial biomass in sediments and community structure between the two fish farming modes.In conclusion,this study indicated that microbial biomass and communit
作者
梁川
杨艳芳
俞姗姗
周利
张经纬
张秀娟
LIANG Chuan;YANG Yanfang;YU Shanshan;ZHOU Li;ZHANG Jingwei;ZHANG Xiujuan(School of Geography and Tourism,Anhui Normal University/Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Regional Response in the Yangtze-Huaihe River Basin,Wuhu 241002,P.R.China;School of Ecology and Environment,Anhui Normal University,Wuhu 241002,P.R.China)
出处
《生态环境学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第10期1802-1810,共9页
Ecology and Environmental Sciences
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(41001369)
安徽省自然科学基金项目(2108085MD126)。
关键词
沉积物
微生物群落结构
微生物多样性
微生物量
围网养殖
围塘养殖
sediment
microbial community structure
microbial diversity
microbial biomass
net-pen fish farming
pond fish farming
