摘要
为研究优质青贮玉米种植的最佳氮肥施用量及最适宜种植密度,提高生产水平及饲草品质,为青贮玉米的实际生产提供数据支撑和技术指导,选择临夏地区主栽的2个青贮玉米品种(S1:铁研53;S2:屯玉168)为试验材料,通过裂区设计,研究3种不同施氮量(A1:0 kg N/hm^(2);A2:180 kg N/hm^(2);A3:360 kg N/hm^(2))和5种不同种植密度(B1:7.5万株/hm^(2);B2:8.25万株/hm^(2);B3:9万株/hm^(2);B4:9.75万株/hm^(2);B5:10.5万株/hm^(2))对青贮玉米产量及品质的影响。结果表明:在同一种植密度下,铁研53的株高、鲜草产量、粗淀粉、粗蛋白质含量与施氮量均呈正相关,中性洗涤纤维含量与施氮量差异不显著,酸性洗涤纤维含量呈负相关;其中铁研53在施氮量达到180 kg N/hm^(2)以上时,株高和鲜草产量差异不显著。屯玉168的株高、鲜草产量、粗淀粉、粗蛋白质含量与施氮量均呈正相关,中性洗涤纤维及酸性洗涤纤维含量呈负相关;其中屯玉168在施氮量达到180 kg N/hm^(2)以上时,粗蛋白质和中性洗涤纤维含量差异不显著。在同一施氮量下,铁研53的株高、鲜草产量与种植密度间均呈现先升后降的趋势,粗蛋白质含量与种植密度间呈正相关,中性洗涤纤维含量呈负相关,酸性洗涤纤维含量呈先降后升的趋势;其中铁研53在种植密度达到9.75万株/hm^(2)时,株高、鲜草产量及粗蛋白质含量达到最显著值;在种植密度达到10.5万株/hm^(2)时,粗淀粉和中性洗涤纤维含量达到最显著值;在种植密度达到8.25万株/hm^(2)时,酸性洗涤纤维含量达到最显著值;屯玉168的株高与种植密度间呈正相关,鲜草产量、粗淀粉、粗蛋白质含量与种植密度之间呈现先升后降的趋势,中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维含量呈先降后升的趋势;其中屯玉168在种植密度达到9万株/hm^(2)时,各指标均达到最显著值。综合分析表明,铁研53在减氮环境下(180 kg N/hm^(2))、种植密度9.75万株/
To study the best nitrogen application rate and the most suitable planting density of high-quality silage maize,improve the production level and forage quality of silage maize,and provide data support and technical guidance for the actual production of silage maize.Two main silage maize varieties(S1:Tieyan 53;S2:Tunyu 168)in Linxia area were selected as experimental materials.Through split plot design,the effects of three different nitrogen rates(A1:0 kg N/hm^(2);A2:180 kg N/hm^(2);A3:360 kg N/hm^(2))and five different planting densities(B1:75000 plants/hm^(2);B2:82500 plants/hm^(2);B3:90000 plants/hm^(2);B4:97500 plants/hm^(2);B5:105000 plants/hm^(2))on the yield and quality of silage maize were studied.The results showed that under the same planting density,plant height,fresh grass yield,crude starch and crude protein contents of Tieyan 53 were positively correlated with nitrogen application rate,neutral detergent fiber content was not significantly different from nitrogen application rate,and acid detergent fiber content was negatively correlated.There was no significant difference in plant height and yield of Tieyan 53 when nitrogen application rate reached 180 kg N/hm^(2).Plant height,fresh grass yield,crude starch and crude protein contents of Tunyu 168 were positively correlated with nitrogen application rate,while neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber contents were negatively correlated.There was no significant difference in the content of crude protein and neutral detergent fiber in Tunyu 168 when the nitrogen application rate reached 180 kg N/hm^(2).Under the same nitrogen application rate,plant height,fresh grass yield and planting density of Tieyan 53 showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing.Crude protein and crude protein contents were positively correlated with planting density,neutral detergent fiber content was negatively correlated,and acid detergent fiber content showed a trend of first decreasing and then increasing.When the planting density of Tieyan 53 reached 97500 p
作者
陈琦
汪兰英
赵小林
李永清
杨希文
CHEN Qi;WANG Lanying;ZHAO Xiaolin;LI Yongqing;YANG Xiwen(Linxia Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Linxia,Gansu Province 731100,China)
出处
《中国饲料》
北大核心
2024年第1期141-148,共8页
China Feed
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1100507)
甘肃省科技重大专项计划项目(21ZD11NA005)。
关键词
施氮量
种植密度
青贮玉米
产量
品质
nitrogen application rate
plant density
silage maize
yield
quality
