摘要
目的分析2010—2020年度南昌市流行性感冒(简称“流感”)的流行病学特征及病原学分布规律,为防控提供科学依据。方法收集南昌市2010—2020年度南昌大学第一附属医院、江西省儿童医院、南昌市第三医院3家流感监测哨点医院的流感监测数据、病原学监测数据和暴发疫情资料,利用SPSS 22.0软件进行χ^(2)检验。结果南昌市2010—2020年度流感样病例(influenza-likeillness,ILI)各年度总体趋势先降后升,≤4岁年龄组构成比占比最高,占49.04%(155064/316223);共检测ILI样本25813份,流感病毒核酸检测阳性检出4045份,阳性检出率为15.7%,不同年度阳性检出率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=388.44,P<0.001),且各年度流感优势毒株不同;共报告54起流感样病例暴发疫情,绝大部分发生在托幼机构和中小学,其中26起是由B型流感导致。结论2010—2020年度南昌市流行性感冒疫情冬春季高发,每年的流行毒株各不相同,呈交替或混合流行,托幼机构和中小学是较易发生流感疫情的场所,应加强流行性感冒监测和防控并提高重点人群流感疫苗接种率。
Objective To understand the epidemic characteristics and etiological distribution of influenza in Nanchang from 2010 to 2020,and to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of influenza in Nanchang.Methods Influenza surveillance data,eti⁃ological surveillance data and outbreak data were collected from the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University,the Children's Hospital of Jiangxi Province and the Third Hospital of Nanchang City from 2010 to 2020,and SPSS 22.0 software was tested.Results The annual general trend of influenza-like illness(ILI)cases in Nanchang city from 2010 to 2020 decreased first and then increased.The composition ratio of 0-4 years old group was the highest.Accounting for 49.04%(155064/316223).A total of 25813 ILI samples were detected,and 4045 influenza virus nucleic acid positive samples were detected,with a positive rate of 15.7%(χ^(2)=388.44,P<0.001).The dominant influenza strains were different in each years.A total of 54 influenza-like outbreaks were reported,mostly in childcare facilities and primary and secondary schools,of which 26 were caused by influenza B.Conclusions From 2010 to 2020,the influenza epidemic in Nanchang was high in winter and spring,and the epidemic strains were different in each year,presenting alternat⁃ing or mixed epidemics.Nurseries and primary and secondary schools were the key places for influenza epidemic prevention and con⁃trol,so it was necessary to strengthen surveillance and prevention and control,and improve the influenza vaccine coverage rate among the key population.
作者
周坤
胡茂红
童小琴
宋文涛
熊勋
李铭先
吴景文
ZHOU Kun;HU Maohong;TONG Xiaoqin;SONG Wentao;XIONG Xun;LI Mingxian;WU Jingwen(The Collaboration Unit for Field Epidemiology of State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control,Jiangxi Provincal Key Laboratory of Animal-origin and Vector-borne Diseases,Nanchang Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Nanchang,Jiangxi 330038,China;Xihu District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Nanchang,Jiangxi 330038,China)
出处
《安徽医药》
CAS
2024年第1期134-138,共5页
Anhui Medical and Pharmaceutical Journal
基金
江西省卫生健康委科技计划项目(202211686)。
关键词
流感
人
正黏病毒科
流感样病例
病原学监测
暴发疫情
流行病学
Influenza,human
Orthomyxoviridae
Influenza-like illness
Pathogenic surveillance
Outbreak
Epidemiology
