摘要
目的结合国内外指南,探讨尿源性脓毒症患者的个体化治疗策略,为尿源性脓毒症患者的规范化诊疗提供参考.方法分析2021年4月15日入住西安交通大学第一附属医院重症医学科的1例尿源性脓毒症患者的诊断和治疗过程.诊疗过程中第一时间行穿刺引流液及尿液培养,从病原学角度明确诊断.从感染部位常见病原菌、医疗单元病原菌耐药情况、用药安全等方面考虑,给予亚胺培南西司他丁经验性抗感染治疗;根据药物药效动力学/药代动力学(PK/PD)特点采用两步法给药及进行药物浓度监测,并对患者进行出院随访.结果患者入院时病情危重,诊断为尿源性脓毒症.在经验性抗感染治疗的同时根据抗菌药物PK/PD特点进行优化.行超声引导下左肾盂经皮肾脏穿刺造瘘术以对感染灶充分引流.穿刺引流尿液培养回报为产超广谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBL)大肠埃希菌,明确了病原学诊断.经治疗7d后患者病情好转,将抗菌药物降阶梯为哌拉西林他唑巴坦,抗感染总疗程14 d.患者出院2个月后情况良好,于当地医院行左输尿管结石碎石治疗并拔除左肾造瘘管.出院后患者的病情平稳,随访7个月未再复发,日常生活未受影响.结论尿源性脓毒症患者感染灶的处理至关重要.诊治需参考国内外指南,结合当地的病原菌分布、耐药情况及患者的临床实际情况来制定治疗策略.使用抗菌药物依据其PK/PD特点进行优化,监测抗菌药物浓度,进而实现个体化诊疗.
Objective Combined with domestic and foreign guidelines,to explore the individualized treatment strategy of urosepsis,and to provide reference for standardized diagnosis and treatment of urosepsis patient.Methods To analyze the diagnosis and treatment process of a patient with urogenic sepsis who was admitted to the department of critical care medicine of the First Affliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University in April 15,2021.During the diagnosis and treatment process,we performed puncture drainage fluid and urine culture as soon as possible to confirm the diagnosis from the perspective of etiology.Considering the possible pathogenic bacteria at the infection site,the drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria in medical units,and drug safety,imipenem and cilastatin was chosen for anti-infective therapy.A two-step approach was used for drug administration based on drug pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamic(PK/PD)characteristics,and drug concentration monitoring.The patients were followed up after discharge.Results The patient was critically ill on admission and was diagnosed with urosepsis.We optimize the empirical use of antimicrobials based on their PK/PD characteristics.Ultrasound-guided percutaneous nephrostomy of the left renal pelvis was performed to adequately drain the infection.Urine culture returned as extended-spectrumβ-lactamase(ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli,confirming the etiological diagnosis.After 7 days of treatment,the patient's condition improved,the antibacterial drugs were downgraded to piperacillin-tazobactam,and the total course of anti-infection was 14 days.The patient was in good condition 2 months after discharge,and underwent left ureteral calculus and lithotripsy in the local hospital,and the left nephrostomy tube was removed.After discharge,the patient's condition was stable,no recurrence was found after 7 months of follow-up,and daily life was not affected.Conclusions Management of infection foci in urosepsis patient is critical.Diagnosis and treatment should refer to domestic and forei
作者
董雯
刘红娟
何宗钊
许雪侠
马四清
郭利涛
Dong Wen;Liu Hongjuan;He Zongzhao;Xu Xuexia;Ma Siqing;Guo Litao(Department of Emergency Medicine,Xi'an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Xi'an 710001,Shaanxi,China;Department of Critical Care Medicine,the First Afiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University,Xi'an 710061,Shaanxi China;Department of Critical Care Medicine,Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital,Xining 810007,Qinghai,China)
出处
《中国中西医结合急救杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第5期624-627,共4页
Chinese Journal of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine in Intensive and Critical Care
基金
陕西省重点研发计划(2021SF-056)
西安交通大学第一附属医院临床研究项目(XJTU1AFCRF-2022-016)。
