摘要
为明确森林枯落物层与土壤层的持水特性,将不同密度(0、300、600、900 g·m^(-2))油松枯落物覆盖于北方典型的黄土性褐土、石灰性褐土表面,通过人工模拟降雨试验,观测各坡位枯落物和土壤含水量随时间的变化规律,分析降雨结束后枯落物和土壤含水量的变化过程及影响因素。结果表明:油松枯落物含水量随降雨结束后历时的增加而大幅下降,各密度枯落物处理下枯落物含水量变化在22.9%~71.0%,其下降速率与时间呈递减的指数函数关系;枯落物含水量仅受枯落物密度影响,密度越大,枯落物含水量下降速率越大。土壤含水量随降雨结束后历时的增加呈波动下降趋势,其变化在1.5%~8.5%;土壤持水性受枯落物密度、土壤类型和坡位的共同影响,枯落物能有效减缓土壤水分的波动,枯落物密度越大,土壤含水量的变异系数越小,枯落物对土壤水分波动的减缓作用越大,土壤持水性能越好;黄土性褐土的持水能力显著高于石灰性褐土;坡下土壤的持水能力显著高于坡上和坡中,而坡上与坡中的差异不显著。
To clarify the water-holding characteristics of forest litter and soil, different densities(0, 300, 600, 900 g·m^(-2)) of Pinus tabuliformis litter were covered on the typical soil surface of loess cinnamon and calcareous cinnamon in north China. Based on an artificial simulated rainfall experiment, we observed the variation of litter and soil water content with time, and analyzed the variation process and influencing factors of litter and soil water content after rainfall. The results showed that water content of P. tabuliformis litter decreased significantly with the increases of duration after the rainfall, and that the range of litter water contents under all treatments was 22.9%-71.0%. There was a decreasing exponential function between the decline rate and time. Litter water content was only affected by litter density. The higher the litter density, the greater the decreasing rate of litter water content. Soil water content fluctuated and decreased with the increases of duration after the rainfall, with a variation of 1.5%-8.5%. Soil water-holding capacity was affected by litter density, soil type, and slope position. Litter could effectively reduce the fluctuation of soil water. The higher litter density, the smaller the coefficient of variation of soil water content, the greater the effect of litter on soil water fluctuation, and the better the soil water-holding capacity. The water-holding capacity on loess cinnamon soil was significantly higher than that of calcareous cinnamon soil. Soil water-holding capacity on the downslope was significantly higher than that on the upslope and middle slope, without any difference between upslope and middle slope.
作者
何娇
马岚
孙旭
张金阁
Jiao;MA Lan;SUN Xu;ZHANG Jinge(School of Soil and Water Conservation,Bejing Forestry University,Bejing 00083,China;Metropolitan Area Forest Ecosystem Research Station,Bejing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;Jixian National Forest Ecosystem Observation and Research Station,National Ecosystem Research Network of China,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China)
出处
《应用生态学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第12期3169-3176,共8页
Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(42077059)资助。
关键词
人工模拟降雨
持水特性
枯落物密度
坡位
土壤类型
artificial simulated rainfall
water holding characteristics
litter density
slope position
soil type
