摘要
了解种质资源和育种材料的倍性是开展甜菜育种工作的基础,筛选简便可靠的倍性检测方法有助于提高甜菜种质资源鉴定效率。本研究采用根尖染色体、叶片气孔保卫细胞叶绿体计数和流式细胞术这3种常用来检测倍性的方法,对4个糖用甜菜品种进行倍性检测。结果表明利用糖甜菜根尖观察染色体时,更易观察到处于细胞分裂前期染色体,二倍体材料染色体18个,四倍体36个。二倍体材料叶片气孔保卫细胞叶绿体平均为16.13个,四倍体材料为22个;二倍体材料的G0/G1峰值平均为305 796.53,四倍体值为656 593.78。通过比较这3种倍性鉴定方法,认为染色体观察和流式细胞术的鉴定结果更加可靠,而叶片气孔保卫细胞叶绿体计数法容易受材料、外界环境和操作人员的影响,影响材料倍性的判断。相对于染色体观察法耗时、不易操作、专业性强,叶片气孔保卫细胞叶绿体计数和流式细胞术则方法简单、快速、可操作性强,在大量材料筛选时可优先考虑。本研究通过试验,分析比较3种倍性检测方法各自具备的优、缺点,为甜菜育种资源的鉴定和利用提供可靠方法。
Understanding the ploidy of germplasm resources and breeding materials is the basis of sugar beet breeding.Screening simple and reliable methods for ploidy detection is helpful to improve the identification efficiency of sugar beet germplasm resources.In this study,the ploidy of four sugar beet cultivars was detected by means of root tip chromosome,leaf stomatal guard cell chloroplast count and flow cytometry,which are three commonly used methods.The results showed that the chromosomes in the prophase of cell division were more easily observed by using sugar beet root tips.There were 18 diploid chromosomes and 36 tetraploid chromosomes,the average number of chloroplasts in stomatal guard cells was 16.13 in diploid and 22 in tetraploid,the average peak value of G0/G1 for diploid materials was 305 796.53,and the average value of tetraploid materials was 656 593.78.The results of chromosome observation and flow cytometry were more reliable,and the chloroplast counting method of leaf stomatal guard cells was easily affected by material,external environment and operator,which affected the determination of material ploidy.Compared with chromosome observation,which is costly,difficult to operate and specialized,the chloroplast counting and flow cytometry of stomatal guard cells in leaves are simple,rapid and operable,and can be given priority in the screening of a large number of materials.In this study,the advantages and disadvantages of the three ploidy detection methods were analyzed and compared through experiments,so as to provide a reliable method for the identification and utilization of sugar beet breeding resources.
作者
沙红
高燕
李思忠
白晓山
张立明
潘竞海
董心久
Sha Hong;Gao Yan;Li Sizhong;Bai Xiaoshan;Zhang Liming;Pan Jinghai;Dong Xinjiu(Research Institute of Industrial Crops,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi,830091)
出处
《分子植物育种》
CAS
北大核心
2024年第1期207-212,共6页
Molecular Plant Breeding
基金
国家糖料产业技术体系甜菜水分管理与节水栽培科学家岗位(CARS-170202)
国家糖料产业技术体系甜菜高产高糖品种改良科学家岗位(CARS-210105)共同资助。
关键词
甜菜
倍性
染色体
叶绿体数
流式细胞术
Sugar beet
Ploidy
Chromosome
Chloroplast number
Flow cytometry
