摘要
以海口铺前湾岸滩为研究对象,本文利用多年实测数据及历史海图资料定量计算岸滩的冲淤变化,分析变化规律及原因,尤其是人工岛修建后的影响,为岸滩养护提供支撑。研究结果表明:1990—2007年铺前湾近岸泥沙输运状态表现为沉积,受强台风登陆、入海通量减小等因素影响,演变为冲刷状态,以入海口变化最为明显,铺前湾湾顶总体呈现淤积态势(2007—2019年),岸线平均蚀退速度约1.4 m/a(2008—2016年)。人工岛修建后,岸线表现为向海淤进,剖面表现为东侧冲刷西侧淤积。受台风影响,岸线平均蚀退距离21 m,后一年内(2021—2022年),47%的岸线向海淤进10~20 m,如意人工岛栈桥附近泥沙淤积和草本植被恢复是岸线向海推进主要因素。由于建设人工岛栈桥、入海闸门及输沙量变化等局部环境的影响,叠加台风影响,铺前湾岸滩冲淤演变复杂化。
Taking the beach of Puqian Bay in Haikou as the object of study,this paper uses years of actual measurement data and historical nautical chart data to quantitatively calculate the change of beach erosion and siltation,and analyze the change characteristics and reasons,especially the impact after the construction of artificial islands.The results showed that the near-shore sediment transport state of Puqian Bay from 1990 to 2007 was deposition,and evolved into scouring state under the influence of strong typhoon landing and reduced inlet flux,with the most obvious change at the inlet,and the top of Puqian Bay showed siltation in general(2007-2019),with an average shoreline erosion rate of about 1.4 m/a(2008-2016).After the construction of the artificial island,the shoreline showed siltation into the sea,and the profile showed east side scouring and west side siltation.The average erosion and retreat distance of the shoreline was 21 m due to typhoon,and 47% of the shoreline siltation into the sea was 10-20 m in the latter year(2021-2022),and sediment siltation near the trestle bridge of Ruyi Island and herbaceous vegetation restoration were the main factors of shoreline advance into the sea.Due to the influence of local environment such as construction of artificial island trestle bridge,inlet gates and changes in sand transport,superimposed on the influence of typhoon,the evolution of shoreline erosion and siltation in Puzian Bay is complicated.
作者
谭泽琼
林楚彬
贺仕昌
娄全胜
TAN Zeqiong;LIN Chubin;HE Shichang;LOU Quansheng(Sansha Marine Environmental Monitoring Central Station,State Oceanic Administration,Haikou 570100,China)
出处
《海洋技术学报》
2023年第6期78-86,共9页
Journal of Ocean Technology
基金
海南省自然科学基金资助项目(419QN381)。
关键词
铺前湾
岸滩演变
冲淤变化
人工岛
Puqian Bay
beach evolution
change of erosion and deposition
artificial island
