摘要
城市的快速发展导致建成区普遍出现了显著的热岛效应,给居民健康与能源负荷带来了巨大威胁。在“一年一体检,五年一评估”的背景下,将热岛效应纳入城市体检评估体系,对建成区热岛强度及相关气候风险开展常态化监测与周期性评估,是提升热岛问题精准治理能力的重要手段。在应对热岛效应复杂时空变化给精准分析所带来挑战的基础上,本研究依托卫星遥感数据,探索构建了“干扰控制—变化诊断—风险评估—规划应对”的体检评估框架,并对2016—2020年武汉市建成区内部热岛强度及其时序变化开展了评估。结果显示,武汉市热岛强度呈现出“内外双高,局部集聚、中间塌陷”的“U”型圈层式分异结构;2016—2020年,热岛区域面积及强度均呈现增长趋势,且增加幅度由中心向外逐渐增大;城市工业园区与老城区的热岛效应最为显著且处于持续恶化阶段,尤其是人口密集的老城区热暴露风险最高。根据热岛强度及相关热暴露风险的时空演变格局,研究从总体规划、控制性详细及规划管理层面提出了多层次规划协调的规划建议。本研究对提高城市热岛效应体检评估的科学性,推动热岛问题精准治理、建设高品质宜居城市具有理论与实践意义。
The urbanization process changes the properties of the underlying surface of built-up areas.High-density construction and population agglomeration further hinders urban ventilation and increases artificial heat release,resulting in the Urban Heat Island(UHI)effect with the temperature in cities being significantly higher than that in suburbs.In the context of global climate change,UHI,combined with extreme heat wave,poses great threats to residents’health and energy load.How to mitigate UHI and reduce the related climate risk has become a critical challenge for high-quality urban development in the new era.Under the background of“examination once a year and evaluation once every five years”,it is important to improve the ability of urban governance over urban heat problems by incorporating UHI into the city examination and evaluation system,and carrying out regular monitoring periodic evaluation of UHI intensity(UHII)and related climate risks in builtup areas.It can precisely identify areas with serious urban heat problems and high risk of heat exposure within built-up areas,capture the variation characteristics of these areas,systematically coordinate urban planning and management,and carry out spatial governance according to local conditions,so as to deeply integrate the needs and objectives of UHI mitigation into the territorial spatial planning system.However,due to the complex interactions between urbanization and multiscale climate change,urban climate change is highly dynamic and uncertain in time.As a result,UHIIs calculated for different years are not directly comparable,which seriously affects the quality of relevant planning decisions.Besides,the selection of rural reference for UHII calculation will further affect the accuracy of time series evaluation.It is urgent to optimize the process and method of data screening and processing related to UHII calculation,control the interference of external factors such as climate variations and land use and land cover changes in rural areas to the greatest
作者
刘慧民
马筝悦
李淼
何宝杰
LIU Huimin;MA Zhengyue;LI Miao;HE Baojie
出处
《西部人居环境学刊》
CSCD
2023年第6期38-45,共8页
Journal of Human Settlements in West China
基金
国家自然科学基金青年项目(52308079)
湖北省自然科学基金青年项目(2023AFB080)。
关键词
热岛效应
体检评估
时空演变
卫星遥感
空间治理
Heat Island Effect
Examination and Evaluation
Spatial and Temporal Variation
Satellite Remote Sensing
Spatial Governance
