摘要
【目的】VRTN基因g.20311_20312ins291和g.19034A>C突变是影响瘦肉型猪胸椎数的突变,该突变可增加胸椎数。探究两广小花猪VRTN基因突变频率及其对胴体性状与肉质性状的影响,为两广小花猪的分子选育提供参考。【方法】提取69头两广小花猪基因组DNA并进行PCR扩增,使用凝胶电泳与TA克隆分别检测其VRTN基因g.20311_20312ins291和g.19034A>C位点突变情况;测定该群体的胴体性状与肉质性状,根据位点突变情况将该群体分组后使用t检验进行分析。【结果】在该群体中发现5个个体为携带两个位点突变的杂合子,表明两种突变可能紧密连锁,两种突变频率均为3.62%。统计分析结果显示,VRTN连锁突变等位基因并不能显著影响两广小花猪的肋骨数,但能影响胴体性状与肉质性状。其中胴体性状方面,VRTN基因杂合突变显著提升体直长4.6%(P<0.05)和体重9.6%(P<0.01),体斜长提高3.5%但差异不显著,背膘厚和皮厚分别增加6.5%和降低3.7%但差异不显著。肉质性状方面,突变杂合子的明度L、色度指数a值和b值分别增加了0.01%、14.7%和8.4%,失水率显著上升51.2%(P<0.05),剪切力和pH值变化差异均不显著。【结论】两广小花猪群体中检测到VRTN基因g.20311_20312ins291和g.19034A>C两种突变但频率较低,两种突变可能存在紧密连锁。VRTN基因杂合突变不会提高两广小花猪胸椎数,可在一定程度上改善胴体性状,但也会对肉质性状带来不利影响,后续两广小花猪育种需要权衡VRTN基因突变对于胴体性状与肉质性状的影响。
【Objective】The mutations in the VRTN gene g.20311_20312ins291 and g.19034A>C have been found to influence the number of thoracic vertebrae in lean meat pigs.These mutations can increase the number of thoracic vertebrae.This study aims to investigate the frequency of VRTN gene mutations in the Liang Guang Small Spotted pig populations and their impact on carcass and meat quality traits,providing reference for molecular breeding of Liang Guang Small Spotted pigs.【Method】Genomic DNA of 69 Liang Guang Small Spotted pigs was extracted and subjected to PCR amplification.Gel electrophoresis and TA cloning were used to detect the mutations at the g.20311_20312ins291 and g.19034A>C loci of the VRTN gene.Carcass and meat quality traits of the population were recorded,and the animals were grouped based on their mutation status.Statistical analysis was performed using t-tests.【Result】Among the population,5 individuals were identified as carrying heterozygous mutations at both loci,indicating that the two mutations may be closely linked,with a frequency of 3.62%for both mutations.Statistical analysis indicated that the VRTN linked mutation allele did not significantly affect the number of ribs in Liang Guang Small Spotted pigs.However,they did affect carcass and meat quality traits.In terms of carcass traits,the VRTN gene heterozygous mutations significantly increased body length by 4.6%(P<0.05)and body weight by 9.6%(P<0.01),increased body slant length by 3.5%,but the difference was not significant.The backfat thickness and skin thickness were increased by 6.5%and decreased by 3.7%,respectively,but without significant differences.In terms of meat quality traits,the brightness L,chromaticity index a and b values of the heterozygous mutants increased by 0.01%,14.7%,and 8.4%,respectively.The water loss rate significantly increased by 51.2%(P<0.05).The difference in changes of shear force and pH value are not significant.【Conclusion】The VRTN gene mutations g.20311_20312ins291 and g.19034A>C are detected in the Li
作者
姜维伦
曾检华
宋德清
刘小红
陈瑶生
何祖勇
JIANG Weiun;ZENG Jianhua;SONG Deqing;LIU Xiaohong;CHEN Yaosheng;HE Zuyong(School of Life Sciences,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 510275,China;Guangdong Yihao Food Co.Ltd.,Guangzhou 510620,China)
出处
《广东农业科学》
CAS
2023年第11期123-131,共9页
Guangdong Agricultural Sciences
基金
广东省乡村振兴战略专项资金种业振兴项目(2022-XPY-00-001)。
关键词
两广小花猪
VRTN基因
基因连锁
胴体性状
肉质性状
分子选育
Liang Guang Small Spotted pigs
VRTN gene
gene linkage
carcass traits
meat quality traits
molecular breeding
