摘要
为了解长江上游重庆市江北段鱼类多样性,于2021年4月至2022年1月进行了为期一年的水样采集,使用环境DNA(environmental DNA,eDNA)技术对该江段进行了鱼类多样性分析。结果表明,长江上游重庆市江北段共检测出82种鱼类,包括未鉴别到种水平的罗非鱼属(Oreochromis),隶属7目19科63属,其中包括国家重点保护动物5种、长江上游特有种8种及外来物种8种。鱼类种类数在季节上呈现秋季>冬季>夏季>春季的趋势,其中鲤(Cyprinus carpio)、鳙(Hypophthalmichthys nobilis)、黄颡鱼(Pelteobagrus fulvidraco)、张氏■(Hemiculter tchangi)和草鱼(Ctenopharyngodon idella)均在4个季度均被检测到且具有较高的序列丰度。Chao1指数和ACE指数在季节间差异显著(P<0.05),冬季的α多样性指数均高于其他3个季节。PCoA分析结果表明春季和夏季样本间异质性较低,物种组成相似,秋季和冬季鱼类种类组成差异显著,异质性较高。RDA分析表明水位、水流量和水温是鱼类群落季节分布的主要影响因子,春夏季与水温和水流量呈负相关,与水位呈正相关;冬季与水温和水流量呈负相关,与水位呈正相关。Spearman相关性检验表明水温与Shannon多样性、Chao1指数、ACE指数显著负相关(P<0.01);电导率和Coverage多样性呈负相关(P<0.05),水温、水流量和Simpson多样性呈负相关(P<0.05)。总体上,本研究表明eDNA技术能够快速分析鱼类种类组成和分布,其在长江鱼类资源监测中是一种极具潜力和重要性的工具。
To understand the fish diversity in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River in Chongqing,environmental DNA(eDNA)technology was used to analyze the fish diversity during a one-year water body sampling period from April 2021 to January 2022.The results showed that a total of 82 fish species(including Oreochromis,which was not identified to species level).7 orders and 19 families and 63 genera were detected in the Jiangbei Section of the upper Yangtze River in Chongqing including 5 species of national key protected animals,8 species of endemic animals in the upper reaches of Yangtze River and 8 exotic species.The number of fish species showed a seasonal trend of autumn>winter>summer>spring,among which Cyprinus carpio,Hypophthalmichthys nobilis,Pelteobagrus fulvidraco,Hemiculter tchangi and Ctenopharyngodon idella were all detected in the four seasons and had high sequence abundance.The Chao1 and ACE indices differed significantly between seasons(P<0.05)and the alpha diversity index in winter was higher than the three other seasons.The PCoA results showed that the heterogeneity between spring and summer samples was low and the species composition was similar,while the fish species composition in autumn and winter were significantly different and the heterogeneity was high.RDA analysis showed that water level,water flow and water temperature were the main factors affecting the seasonal distribution of the fish community.They were negatively correlated with water temperature and water flow,positively correlated with water level in spring and summer,and negatively correlated with water temperature and flow and positively correlated with water level in winter.Spearman’s correlation test showed that water temperature was significantly negatively correlated with Shannon diversity,Chao1 index and ACE index(P<0.01);conductivity was negatively correlated with Coverage index(P<0.05),and water temperature,water flow was negatively correlated with Simpson diversity(P<0.05).Overall,this study shows that eDNA technology can rapid
作者
董智玲
陈莎莎
吕宏森
张连博
姚维志
何文平
Dong Zhiling;Chen Shasha;Lv Hongsen;Zhang Lianbo;Yao Weizhi;He Wenping(College of Fisheries,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China;Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Resources and Reproductive Development,Ministry of Education,Chongqing 400715,China)
出处
《生态毒理学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第6期1-15,共15页
Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD1201600)
国家自然科学基金资助项目(32071651)
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(SWU-XDJH202317)
鲁渝科技协作计划项目(2023TIAD-LDX0076)。
关键词
环境DNA
长江上游
重庆市江北段
鱼类多样性
季节分布
environmental DNA
upper Yangtze River
Chongqing Jiangbei Section
fish diversity
seasonal distribution
