摘要
受威胁物种作为生物多样性保护的首要目标,是确定保护优先项目、评估环境影响、建立自然保护地等决策实施的重要依据。长江中游流域自然保护地数量庞大、类型众多,但仍存在物种保护空缺问题。本文基于IUCN受威胁物种红色名录,选取98种受威胁物种,运用MaxEnt物种分布模型分析它们适生区空间特征和主导影响因子,结合受威胁等级划分保护热点区,并通过叠加各类自然保护地识别保护空缺,为自然保护地空间规划与优化提供建议。结果表明:①长江中游流域受威胁物种适生区分布主要受地形梯度变化影响,适生区及其保护热点区均集中分布于秦岭、大巴山、神农架、武陵山、雪峰山、幕阜山等山地;②约三分之一的热点区存在保护空缺,主要位于大娄山脉北部、幕连九山脉、雪峰山脉中部和雩山山脉,整体呈现“大聚合、小离散”空间特征;③建议加强对地形起伏较大、海拔约800~1500 m区域的受威胁物种保护;④重点在恩施市、建始县、安化县、奉新县、武宁县和宜丰县等地增设自然保护地,进而提高自然保护地整体连通性,完善流域生物生态保护网络。
Threatened species pose a major risk to biodiversity.Biodiversity protection is an important basis for determining conservation priorities,assessing environmental impacts,and establishing protected areas for the implementation of the policies and decisions.Although the middle Yangtze River Basin has a large number and numerous types of protected areas,there are still protection gaps of species.This paper has selected 98 threatened species based on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.It uses the MaxEnt model to analyze the distribution characteristics and dominant influencing factors of their suitable areas.According to the level of threat,this paper divides protection hotspots and identifies protection gaps by overlaying national protected areas,priority areas for biodiversity conservation,and ecological function protection areas.This can provide suggestions for the spatial planning and optimization of protected areas.The results show that:(1)The distribution of threatened species in the middle Yangtze River Basin is mainly influenced by the topographic gradient.Their suitable areas and protected hotspots are concentrated in mountainous areas such as the Qinling Mountains,Daba Mountains,Shennongjia Mountains,Wuling Mountains,Xuefeng Mountains,and Mufu Mountains.(2)About one-third of the protection gaps exist in the protection hotspots.They are mainly located in the north of Dalou Mountains,Mulianjiu Mountains,the middle of Xuefeng Mountains and Yushan Mountains,which form a spatial pattern of“large aggregation and small dispersion”.(3)We should strengthen the protection of threatened species in areas with significant terrain fluctuations and elevations of approximately 800-1500 meters.(4)Protected areas should be increased in Enshi city,Jianshi county,Anhua county,Fengxin county,Wuning county,Yifeng county and other areas to optimize the overall connectivity of protected areas and biological protection network.
作者
马坤
陈颖晖
唐晓岚
王燕燕
MA Kun;CHEN Yinghui;TANG Xiaolan;WANG Yanyan(College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225009,China;College of Landscape Architecture,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,China;Academy of Chinese Ecological Progress and Forestry Development Studies,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210042,China)
出处
《地理研究》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第12期3115-3129,共15页
Geographical Research
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31270746)
教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目(2022YJA760075)
国家林业和草原局林业遗产与森林环境史研究中心项目(2021LYYB02)
江苏省研究生实践创新计划项目(SJCX22_1974)。
关键词
长江中游流域
受威胁物种
适生区
自然保护地
middle Yangtze River Basin
threatened species
suitable area
protected area
