摘要
在气候变暖背景下,亚洲高山区冰川普遍处于退缩状态,而喀喇昆仑山大部分冰川保持稳定或前进,即“喀喇昆仑异常”。洪扎河流域位于西喀喇昆仑山,是中巴经济走廊沿线冰川集中分布区,冰川物质平衡对该地区水资源利用、基础设施建设等有重要影响。本文基于2000年2月的SRTM数字高程模型(DEM)和2020年1–2月的资源三号立体像对影像,利用大地测量法,获取了洪扎河流域冰川表面高程变化数据集(Geo TIFF格式,空间分辨率30 m)。大致空间范围在36°N–37°N,74°E–76°E内,覆盖面积达7600 km^(2)。稳定地形区残差统计分析表明,研究区高程变化总体精度约为1.1 m。结果显示,21世纪初洪扎河流域冰川表面高程呈减薄状态,且空间差异显著。表碛覆盖、冰裂隙、冰面湖/冰前湖、冰崖及冰川跃动对冰川表面高程变化有不同程度的影响。本数据集可作为喀喇昆仑山冰川物质平衡分析的基础数据,支撑中巴经济走廊地区水资源利用、冰川灾害预警及气候变化方面的研究。
Under the influence of climate warming,glaciers in High Mountain Asia(HMA)have undergone significant recession in recent decades.However,stable or even positive glacier mass budgets have been found in the Karakoram Mountains in the past decades,which is termed as“Karakoram anomaly”.The Hunza Basin,located in the western Karakoram,is a region with concentrated glacier development along the SinoPakistan Economic Corridor.The glacier mass balance in Hunza Basin plays an important role in water resource utilization and infrastructure construction.In this study,we used the SRTM DEM(2000)and ZY3-02 stereo images(2020)to obtain the glacier height changes in the Hunza Basin by employing the method of Geodetic(Geo TIFF format with a resolution of 30 m).This study covers an area of around 7600 km^(2),within the spatial extent of 36°N–37°N,74°E–76°E.The statistical analysis of the residual movement in the nonglacial region indicates an overall accuracy of about 1.1 m.The findings suggest that glaciers experienced a moderate thinning during the early 21st century,with significant spatial variations.Factors such as debris cover,crevasses,supraglacial lake,ice cliff and glacier surge have distinct influences on glacier height changes.This dataset can be used as basic data for the research on glacier mass balance in the Karakoram,as well as water resources utilization,glacier disaster warning and climate change in the Sino-Pakistan Economic Corridor.
作者
吴坤鹏
刘时银
朱钰
WU Kunpeng;LIU Shiyin;ZHU Yu(International Research Center of Big Data for Sustainable Development Goals,Aerospace Information Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing,100094,P.R.China;Institute of International Rivers and Eco-Security,Yunnan University,Kunming 650091,Yunnan,P.R.China;National Cryosphere Desert Data Center,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,Gansu,China)
基金
可持续发展大数据国际研究中心主任青年基金(CBAS2022DF20)
国家重点研发计划“冰冻圈大数据挖掘分析关键技术及应用”(2022YFF0711702-03)
国家自然科学基金项目(42211540715)
国家冰川冻土沙漠科学数据中心开放基金(2020D04)。
