摘要
中国天然气价格体系和机制经过数十年的发展,取得了丰硕成果。随着改革深化的不断推进,有必要梳理中国天然气价格体系和机制发展的理论研究成果及应用成效,并展望下一步中国天然气价格改革的方向。研究结果表明:①研究天然气价格体系演变规律指导天然气价格管理体系改革,研究天然气定价机制演变规律指导天然气定价机制改革,研究天然气基础设施定价规律指导基础设施定价改革,集中反映了中国在天然气价格理论研究方面所取得的成果;②建立以门站价格管理为核心的天然气产运储销价格管理体系,快速推进天然气价格市场化改革,强化天然气基础设施价格管理,是中国天然气价格改革取得的主要成就;③取消门站捆绑定价是天然气价格管理体系未来的发展方向,通过市场竞争形成价格是天然气定价机制未来的发展方向,为容量制定价格是天然气基础设施定价未来的发展方向,建设和发展交易枢纽成为后续价格改革的重中之重。结论认为,中国可以借鉴欧盟的经验推进天然气价格市场化改革,将天然气市场区分为民生用气市场和非民生用气市场,在做好民生用气保供稳价工作的同时,加快推进非民生用气的价格实现完全市场化,待市场发展成熟后实现所有天然气的价格完全市场化。
China's natural gas pricing system and mechanism have evolved fruitfully over years.This paper reviews the theoretical research and application of China's natural gas pricing reform in terms of system and mechanism,and presents the prospects of the reform.Findings are obtained in three aspects.First,the previous theoretical researches of China's natural gas pricing are generally consensual on the roles of the evolution of natural gas pricing system and mechanism in guiding the system and mechanism reforms,and also the role of the natural gas infrastructure pricing law in guiding the infrastructure pricing reform.Second,the natural gas production,transmission,storage and marketing price management system with gate price management as the core is a representative achievement in China's natural gas pricing reform,and it has effectively supported the accelerated market-based natural gas pricing reform and the enhanced natural gas infrastructure pricing management.Third,the gate-bundled pricing practice will be cancelled in future natural gas pricing system;the pricing will be dependent upon market competition in future natural gas pricing mechanism;and the volume will be priced in future natural gas infrastructure pricing.Moreover,transaction hub will become the top priority in subsequent pricing reform.It is concluded that China can learn from the European Union in its market-based natural gas pricing reform,that is,under the division of natural gas marketns into domestic and non-domestic categories,the non-domestic gas pricing is enabled to be fully market-based as soon as possible while the domestic gas is supplied at a steady price,and both domestic and non-domestic gas prices will be market-based where the market conditions are mature enough.
作者
何春蕾
段言志
张颙
李森圣
杜波
董振宇
HE Chunlei;DUAN Yanzhi;ZHANG Yong;LI Sensheng;DU Bo;DONG Zhenyu(Natural Gas Institute of Economics of PetroChina Southwest Oil&Gasfield Company,Chengdu,Sichuan 610051,China;PetroChina Natural Gas Price Research Center,Chengdu,Sichuan 610056,China;Finance Department of PetroChina Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100007,China)
出处
《天然气工业》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第12期121-129,共9页
Natural Gas Industry
基金
中国石油天然气集团有限公司软科学研究项目“中国天然气价格改革回顾与展望”(编号:中油研20220110)。
关键词
天然气
价格体系
定价机制
演变规律
理论研究成果
回顾与展望
Natural gas
Pricing system
Pricing mechanism
Evolution
Theoretical research
Review and outlook
