摘要
十三五期间,国家花生产业技术体系重点任务之一是进行花生—粮棉轮作制度研究,筛选出适于轮作的花生品种,以期提高农作物产量和经济效益,促进农业可持续发展。为筛选出适宜花生—粮棉轮作的高产花生品种,选用本团队培育的10个优质花生品种为研究对象。2018—2020年连续三年,分别在新疆综合试验站开展了花生—棉花轮作试验,在徐州综合试验站、山西综合试验站、临沂综合试验站和潍坊综合试验站等地开展了花生—小麦轮作试验,在东北地区锦州综合试验站、阜新综合试验站和四平综合试验站等地开展了花生—玉米轮作试验。结果表明,高产花生品种花育50号、花育60和花育9111适合在新疆地区与棉花进行轮作种植;花育50号、花育60、花育9120、花育9111、花育9113和花育9114等品种在花生—小麦轮作种植模式中的产量表现都比对照品种好,其中高油酸品种花育9111适应性广、高产稳产,是在小麦主产区进行花生—小麦轮作种植的优选品种;在东北玉米主产区,由于各个区域存在地理环境差异,适宜花生—玉米轮作的品种各不相同,花育23号、花育616、花育615、花育9120和花育60等花生品种适合在辽宁锦州地区与玉米进行轮作种植,花生品种花育614和花育60适合在辽宁阜新地区与玉米进行轮作种植,花生品种花育9120和花育60适合在吉林四平地区与玉米进行轮作种植。其中花育60适应性最广、表现高产稳产,是花生与其他作物进行轮作的优选品种。
In the China's Thirteenth Five-Year Plan period,one of the key tasks of the national peanut industry technical system is to study the rotation system for peanut,grain and cotton,and screen out suitable peanut varieties for rotational cropping to improve crop yield,economic benefit,and promote the sustainable agriculture.In order to select high-yield peanut varieties suitable for the rotation system,ten high-quality peanut varieties were used as the experimental material.During 2018-2020,the rotation experiment of peanut and cotton was carried out in Xinjiang Comprehensive Experimental Station.The rotation experiments of peanut and wheat were carried out in the Comprehensive Test Stations of Xuzhou,Shanxi,Linyi and Weifang.The rotation experiments of peanut and maize were carried out in the Comprehensive Test Stations of Jinzhou,Fuxin and Siping.The research results showed that the high-yielding peanut varieties Huayu50,Huayu60 and Huayu9111 were suitable for rotational cropping with cotton in Xinjiang.The yield of Huayu50,Huayu60,Huayu9120,Huayu9111,Huayu9113 and Huayu9114 performed better than that of the control in peanut and wheat rotation system.Among them,the high-oleic acid variety Huayu9111 exhibited wide adaptability,stable high yield,and was optimal for peanut-wheat rotation system in the major wheat production areas.In the main maize producing areas of Northeast China,the varieties suitable for peanut and maize rotation were different due to the geographical and environmental differences.Cultivars Huayu23,Huayu616,Huayu615,Huayu9120 and Huayu60 were suitable for maize rotation in Jinzhou,Liaoning Province.Cultivars Huayu614 and Huayu60 were suitable for maize rotation in Fuxin,Liaoning Province.Cultivars Huayu9120 and Huayu60 were suitable for maize rotation in Siping,Jilin Province.Among them,Huayu60 had the widest adaptability and exhibited high and stable yield,and was the best choice for the rotation cultivation system of peanut with other crops.
作者
潘丽娟
许静
姜骁
殷祥贞
陈娜
王通
杨珍
宋珊珊
李金山
迟晓元
PAN Li-juan;XU Jing;JIANG Xiao;YIN Xiang-zhen;CHEN Na;WANG Tong;YANG Zhen;SONG Shan-shan;LI Jin-shan;CHI Xiao-yuan(Shandong Peanut Research Institute,Qingdao 266100,China;Jiaozhou Agriculture and Rural Bureau,Jiaozhou 266300,China;Pingdu Agriculture and Rural Bureau,Pingdu 266700,China)
出处
《花生学报》
北大核心
2023年第4期60-68,共9页
Journal of Peanut Science
基金
泰山学者工程专项(tsqn201812121)
财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-13)
山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2021QC172)
青岛市科技惠民示范引导专项(20-3-4-26-nsh)
广东省重点领域研发计划项目(2020B020219003)
山东省农业科学院农业科技创新工程项目(CXGC2022E20)
山东省重点研发计划(农业良种工程)(2020LZGC001)
山东省重点研发计划(乡村振兴科技创新提振行动计划)(2022TZXD0031)
新疆维吾尔自治区重大科技专项(2022A02008-3)。
关键词
花生
轮作
品种筛选
高产
peanut
crop rotation
variety screening
high yield
