摘要
地下水是肥城地区最主要的供水水源,近年来受到工农业生产、煤矿开采、闭坑、矿井排水等人类活动影响,肥城地区地下水动力场及化学场都发生了变化,为查明地下水的环境质量状况,文章在研究水文地质调查和样品采集分析基础上,综合运用数理统计方法、水化学方法(Piper三线图、Gibbs模型、矿物饱和指数、离子比例分析)等,探讨肥城断块地下水水化学特征及演化规律。结果表明:(1)研究区地下水均呈弱碱性,Ca^(2+)、Mg^(2+)、HCO_(3)^(-)和SO_(4)^(2-)为主要离子,主要来源于方解石、白云石及石膏溶解;矿物饱和指数表明方解石和白云石绝大多数处于饱和状态,石膏和岩盐矿物呈溶解未饱和状态。(2)区内岩溶水化学类型主要为HCO_(3)^(-)Ca(Mg)型,其次为HCO_(3)·SO_(4)-Ca型和HCO_(3)·Cl-Ca型。孔隙水主要为SO_(4)·HCO_(3)^(-)Ca型、局部出现SO_(4)·NO_(3)^(-)Ca型。河流水化学类型相对复杂,包括SO_(4)·HCO_(3)^(-)Ca·Na型、Cl·SO_(4)-Ca·Na型等。(3)区内地下水中l-SO_(4)^(2-)、和NO_(3)^(-)含量相比1999年、2013年显著升高。裂隙水及岩溶水水质整体较好,局部呈点状变差,孔隙水及河水水质普遍较差,影响区域地下水水质的主要因素有化肥施用、禽畜养殖、生活污水下渗以及煤矿排水等。
The Feicheng area is one of the important industrial bases in Shandong Province with the early development of coal mine,power generation and chemical industry.Besides,vegetable farming is widely distributed.Karst groundwater is the main source of water supply and the only source of drinking water in this area.In recent years,due to human activities such as industrial and agricultural exploitation of groundwater,and reduction of water emissions from coal mine closures,the groundwater dynamic and chemical fields in this area have undergone changes.The current status of groundwater environmental quality needs to be determined.On the basis of hydro-geological survey,this study collected 59 groundwater samples and 6 river water samples in the dry season of 2022,and comprehensively used mathematical statistical methods,hydrochemical methods(Piper three-line diagram,Gibbs model,mineral saturation index,ion proportion analysis)to explore the hydrochemical characteristics and evolution rules of groundwater in the Feicheng fault block.The results show that,(1)The average pH of groundwater in the study area is 7.34-7.47,all of which are weakly alkaline,and Ca^(2+),Mg^(2+),and are the main ions in the water.The hydrochemical composition is mainly controlled by water rock interaction,while the influence of atmospheric precipitation and evaporation concentration is relatively small.The water-rock interaction of calcite and dolomite plays a major role in controlling the chemical composition of karst water and fissure water,and the dissolution of evaporite plays an important role in the chemical composition of pore water.The mineral saturation index shows that most of calcite and dolomite is in a saturated state,while gypsum and halite minerals are in a dissolved but unsaturated state.(2)Karst hydrochemical types in the area are mainly HCO_(3)^(-)Ca(Mg)type,accounting for 47.9%,followed by HCO_(3)·SO_(4)-Ca type and HCO_(3)·Cl-Ca type,16.7%and 20.8%,respectively.Pore water is mainly of SO_(4)·HCO_(3)^(-)Ca type and HCO_(3)·C
作者
张文强
滕跃
唐飞
王金晓
许庆宇
张海林
ZHANG Wenqiang;TENG Yue;TANG Fei;WANG Jinxiao;XU Qingyu;ZHANG Hailin(801 Institute of Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology,Shandong Provincial Bureau of Geology&Mineral Resources,Jinan,Shandong 250014,China;Shandong Engineering Research Center for Environmental Protection and Remediation on Groundwater,Jinan,Shandong 250014,China;NO.5 Geological Brigade of Shandong Provincial Exploration Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources,Taian,Shandong 271000,China)
出处
《中国岩溶》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第5期1047-1060,1084,共15页
Carsologica Sinica
基金
山东省地质勘查项目“山东省1∶5万孝里、石横幅水文地质调查”(鲁勘字(2021)46号)。
关键词
岩溶水系统
地下水
水化学特征
演化规律
肥城断块
karst water system
groundwater
hydrochemical characteristics
evolution law
the Feicheng fault block
