摘要
【目的】在全国大力推进油茶低产林改造的背景下,提高剩余物资源循环利用效率以及减少剩余物处理对环境造成的污染,同时探索剩余物保水、保肥功能性轻型育苗基质的育苗效果。【方法】以油茶木屑、泥炭、珍珠岩、SAP 4种轻型基质材料,按L_(9)(3^(4))四因素三水平正交设计表以不同比例(体积比)混合配置出轻型育苗基质培育3年生油茶容器苗,并分析基质的保水保肥性能,筛选出最优的基质配方。【结果】从育苗基质的理化性质分析来看,处理T1、T5、T9(总孔隙度>60%,通气孔隙度15%~30%,持水孔隙度45%~60%,容重0.2~0.5 g/cm^(3),pH值4.0~6.5,EC值0.1~2.0 mS/cm,总养分(N+P_(2)O_(5)+K_(2)O)≥1.0%),完全符合林木轻基质无纺布容器育苗标准;保水保肥性试验发现,随着因素B(泥炭)、C(珍珠岩)、D(SAP)在混配基质配方中所占比例的提高,基质的保水保肥性能也逐渐上升。育苗试验发现处理T1、T5、T9的苗高增量、地径增量、叶片增量、成活率均显著优于其他6个处理,并且在混配基质的理化性质、保水保肥性能上得到了相似的规律。综合评分后得出最优的油茶低产林改造剩余物的轻型育苗基质配方组合为A_(2)∶B_(2)∶C_(1)∶D_(1)。【结论】基于油茶低产林改造剩余物发酵后的混配基质,在理化性质、保水保肥性、育苗生长等各项指标上均有较好的表现,因此在实际育苗生产中可以降低泥炭的使用量,甚至完全替代泥炭培育油茶苗木。
【Objective】Under the background of vigorously promoting the transformation of low-yield Camellia oleifera forests in China,the recycling efficiency of residue resources should be improved and the environmental pollution caused by residue treatment should be reduced,and the seedling raising effect of functional light seedling raising substrate for water and fertilizer conservation of residues should be explored.【Method】According to the L_(9)(3^(4))orthogonal design table of four factors and three levels,four kinds of light substrates,including Camellia sawdust,peat,perlite and SAP,were mixed in different proportions(volume ratio)to prepare the light seedling substrate for cultivating three-year-old Camellia container seedlings,and the water and fertilizer retention performance of the substrate was analyzed to screen out the optimal substrate formula.【Result】From the analysis of the physical and chemical properties of the seedling substrate,the treatment T1,T5,T9(total porosity>60%,aeration porosity 15%-30%,water holding porosity 45%-60%,bulk density 0.2-0.5 g/cm^(3),pH value 4.0-6.5,EC value 0.1-2.0 mS/cm,total nutrients(N+P_(2)O_(5)+K_(2)O)≥1.0%),which was completely in line with the non-woven container seedling standard of forest light substrate.The water and fertilizer retention test showed that with the increase of the proportion of factors B(peat),C(perlite)and D(SAP)in the mixed substrate formula,the water and fertilizer retention performance of the substrate gradually increased.Seedling experiment showed that the height increment,ground diameter increment,leaf increment and survival rate of treatments T1,T5 and T9 were significantly better than the other six treatments,and the physical and chemical properties,water and fertilizer retention of mixed substrates were similar.After comprehensive evaluation,the optimal light seedling substrate formula combination for the transformation residues of low-yield Camellia oleifera forest was A_(2)∶B_(2)∶C_(1)∶D_(1).【Conclusion】The mixed matrix
作者
朱宏达
李建安
廖科
熊利
张乐
张雯琪
周乃富
ZHU Hongda;LI Jian’an;LIAO Ke;XIONG Li;ZHANG Le;ZHANG Wenqi;ZHOU Naifu(Key Laboratory of Economic Forest Cultivation and Protection,Ministry of Education,Central South University of Forestry&Technology,Changsha 410004,Hunan,China;Hunan Forestry Seedling Breeding Demonstration Center,Changsha 410329,Hunan,China;Hunan Provincial Cooperative Center of Water Resources Research and Development,Changsha 410031,Hunan,China)
出处
《中南林业科技大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第11期63-72,共10页
Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology
基金
湖南省科技重大专项(2018NK1030)
湖南省科技创新平台(2018TP2009)
湖南省林业科技创新计划项目(XLKS202201)
湖南省级油茶产业发展资金项目(湘财资环指[2023]16号)。
关键词
油茶低产林改造
轻基质
保水性
保肥性
正交试验设计
排队评分法
low yield forest reconstruction of Camellia oleifera
light matrix
water-retaining property
nutrient preserving ability
orthogonal experimental design
queuing scoring method
