摘要
In recent years,our world has experienced significant disruptions due to the COviD-19 pandemic,and Russia's 2022 invasion of Ukraine,impacting human activities and the global environment.This paper explored air quality changes in Ukraine due to COVID-19,and Russia's invasion of Ukraine using on-demand with a what-you-see-is-what-you-get approach.During the cOVID-19 pandemic,strict quarantine policies in Ukraine led to a 2%reduction in tropospheric NO_(2) concentration before the lockdown and 4%during the lockdown period.Cities like Kyiv,Donetsk,and Dnipro exhibited reductions of 5%,11%,and 16%,respectively.Total SO_(2) column concentration decreased by 6%before the lockdown and 2.5%during the lockdown period,except in high population density areas.Kyiv showed the highest reduction of 17%in SO_(2) concentration,while Donetsk and Dnipro exhibited an 11%reduction.However,during the Russian invasion,there was a significant increase in tropospheric NO_(2) concentration in heavily destroyed Kharkiv while most eastern regions experienced a reduction.The total SO_(2) column was 48%higher before the war but reduced throughout the country after the war,except for in Kyiv and a few central regions.These findings can contribute to analyzing air pollution and building digital twin simulations for future reconstruction scenarios.
基金
supported by NSF I/UCRC and START programs(1841520)
NASA Goddard CISTO,and NASA AIST programs.This research was,in part,carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory,California Institute of Technology,under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration(80NM0018D0004).
