摘要
农耕习俗是在人们长期进行农事活动中形成起来的。基于此,人们在设立农耕习俗时常常会模拟实际农事耕作过程。农耕习俗对农事活动的模拟主要体现在习俗举行时,人们会模拟具体的农耕行为、动作,以及所使用的各种农具、耕牛等象征性地在田地中耕作,这一模拟形式体现出弗雷泽提出的“顺势巫术”和“接触巫术”的特点。农耕习俗对实际农事活动模拟的类型多种多样,主要体现为对农耕过程的模拟习俗、模拟农耕祈愿的习俗、模拟谷物形状的习俗。无论对哪一种农耕习俗的模拟,目的都是为了获得期盼中的丰收。人们之所以通过模拟建立农耕习俗,原因在于所认同的“同类相生”的原则,按照这一原则,人们的模拟行为一定会反映在实际的农业耕作中。由此,模拟农耕习俗的价值和作用就会在实际的农事生产中体现出来,从而使人们所期盼的丰收愿景借着农耕习俗得到实现。
Farming customs are established in people's understanding of actual farming activities.Based on this,people often simulate the actual farming process when setting up farming customs.The mimetic farming customs are mainly reflected in the fact that people will simulate specific farming behaviors and actions,as well as various farming tools and cows used to symbolically cultivate the fields when the customs are held.This mimetic form reflects the characteristics of"homeopathy witchcraft"and"contact witchcraft"proposed by Fraser.There are various types of farming customs to simulate actual farming activities,which are mainly reflected in the mimetic customs of farming process,farming praying,and the grain shapes,aiming at obtaining the expected harvest.The reason why people establish farming practices through simulation is because of the principle of"cannibalish",according to which people's mimetic behavior can be reflected in actual farming.Therefore,the value and function of mimetic farming customs will be reflected in the actual farming production,so that the expected harvest can be realized through farming customs.
作者
阎莉
戚晓明
YAN Li;QI Xiao-ming(College of Humanities and Social Development,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,Jiangsu,China)
出处
《徐州工程学院学报（社会科学版）》
2023年第5期33-39,共7页
Journal of Xuzhou Institute of Technology：Social Sciences Edition
基金
国家社会科学基金项目“空间社会学视阈下农村公共文化空间的变迁与乡村振兴研究”(19BSH059)。
关键词
农耕习俗
模拟
农事活动
farming custom
simulation
farming activities
