摘要
植物根际真菌群落与植物的健康紧密相关,且我国农田土壤重金属镉(Cd)污染严重,因此,探究Cd胁迫对农作物根际真菌群落的影响具有重要的现实意义。通过盆栽试验,采用Illumina高通量测序技术研究Cd胁迫对番茄根际土壤真菌群落的影响。结果表明,Cd胁迫明显改变了番茄根际土壤真菌的组成和结构,显著降低了Chao和ACE指数,增加了子囊菌门(Ascomycota)、壶菌门(Chytridiomycota)和毛霉门(Mucoromycota)等优势菌门的丰度。Spearman相关性分析表明,Cd胁迫会导致“萎蔫病”的致病真菌黄瓜织球壳菌(Plectosphaerella cucumerina)的显著富集。为了验证富集真菌的致病性,分离黄瓜织球壳菌的纯培养(菌株命名:R-2)。水培试验表明,R-2显著降低了番茄幼苗的株高(21.43%)、根长(46.99%)和鲜重(34.79%),验证了R-2是植物病原菌。总体而言,发现Cd胁迫会导致番茄根际富集植物病原真菌这一现象,可为中、轻度Cd污染农田土壤的安全生产提供科学依据。
Rhizosphere fungal communities are intimately related to plant health.Soil contamination with the heavy metal cadmium(Cd)is a serious problem in China,so it is vital to explore the effects of Cd stress on tomato rhizosphere fungal communities.Pot experiments and Illumina high-throughput sequencing technologies were used to investigate the effects of Cd stress on tomato rhizosphere fungal assemblages.Results showed that Cd stress altered the composition and structure of soil fungus in tomato roots,significantly lowered the Chao and ACE indexes and boosted the abundance of dominant phylum such as Ascomycota,Chytridiomycota,and Mucoromycota.According to Spearman correlation analysis,Cd stress significantly enriched Plectosphaerella cucumerina,which often cause“wilt sickness.”Plectosphaerella cucumerina(R-2)was isolated to determine its pathogenicity.Hydroponic experiments showed that the inoculation of R-2 significantly reduced the plont height,root length and plant height by 21.43%,46.99%and 34.79%,respectively,in comparison with control,confirming that R-2 is a phytopathogenic pathogen.Overall,above-mentioned results suggested that Cd stress caused the enrichment of phytopathogenic fungi Plectosphaerella cucumerina in the rhizosphere of tomato,which may give a scientific basis for guaranteeing the safety of farming systems in agricultural soils damaged with moderate and mild heavy metals Cd.
作者
颜正健
王籽橦
孟壮
陈金全
YAN Zheng-jian;WANG Zi-tong;MENG Zhuang;CHEN Jin-quan(Yunnan Key Laboratory for Plateau Mountain Ecology and Restoration of Degraded Environments,School of Ecology and Environmental Science,Yunnan University,Kunming Yunnan 650091;Institute of International Rivers and Eco-security,Yunnan University,Kunming Yunnan 650091;School of Agriculture,Yunnan University,Kunming Yunnan 650091)
出处
《中国土壤与肥料》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第9期209-215,共7页
Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China
基金
国家自然科学地区基金(4216070223)
云南省科技厅面上项目(202001BB050026)。
关键词
根际微生物组
番茄
镉污染
土壤
根际真菌
植物健康
rhizosphere microbiome
tomato
cadmium contamination
soil
rhizosphere fungi
plant health
