摘要
泛北极地区(50°N以北陆地)是全球两大火灾带之一,该地区火灾不仅影响局地植被演替,还影响区域乃至全球的碳循环及气候。以往研究主要针对泛北极某一特定区域火灾、个别极端大火事件或者某一特定陆表类型燃烧,对泛北极区域火灾特征尚缺乏全面认识。本研究使用3套卫星反演的全球火产品数据(GFED4.1s、MODIS C6、FireCCI51),深入研究2001~2016年泛北极过火面积的时空变化特征。结果表明泛北极地区多年平均的过火面积为7.47±0.72Mha/a,大值区主要位于阿拉斯加、加拿大中部、西伯利亚南部和中东部。泛北极过火面积的年际变率大;此外,泛北极和泛北极北美地区森林过火面积均呈现显著增大趋势,而泛北极欧洲地区农田过火面积显著减小。泛北极地区火灾主要发生在春季和夏季,但燃烧的主要陆表类型不同:多年平均而言,泛北极北美地区以夏季稀树草原和森林燃烧为主,泛北极欧洲地区以春季农田燃烧和夏季森林燃烧为主,泛北极亚洲地区以夏季森林、灌木燃烧和春季农田、森林燃烧为主。不同地区年过火面积极端大值年对应的主要陆表燃烧类型与多年平均结果类似。
The Arctic-boreal zone north of 50°N is one of the two major fire zones in the world.Fires in this region affect the local vegetation succession as well as the regional and global carbon cycle and climate.Previous studies have focused on fires in small regions or over a specific land cover type and individual extreme fire events;however,the spatiotemporal variability of the Arctic-boreal fires remains unclear. In this study, we comprehensively analyzed thespatiotemporal variability of the burned area in the Arctic-boreal zone from 2001 to 2016 based on three satellite-basedglobal fire products: GFED4.1s, MODIS C6, and FireCCI51. Results show that during 2001-2016, the average burnedarea in this zone was 7.47±0.72 Mha/a, and large values for the burned area are mainly observed in locations includingAlaska, central Canada, and south and central-east Siberia. The burned area exhibits large interannual variability, withsimilar magnitude and spatial pattern to the multiyear average. The annual burned area for forests demonstrates an upwardtrend in the entire Arctic-boreal region and Arctic-boreal North America, while that for croplands exhibits a downwardtrend in Arctic-boreal Europe. Arctic-boreal fires mainly occur during spring and summer seasons. However, the primaryland cover types that burned are different. On a multiyear average, fires occurred mainly in savannas and forests insummer over the Arctic -boreal North America, in croplands in spring and forests in summers over the Arctic -borealEurope, as well as in forests and shrublands in summers and croplands and forests in spring in the Arctic-boreal Asia. Inyears where the burned area is extremely large, the land cover types that burned in various regions are similar to themultiyear average results.
作者
赵芝艺
林中达
李芳
ZHAO Zhiyi;LIN Zhongda;LI Fang(State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics,Institute of Atmospheric Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100029;College of Earth and Planetary Sciences,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049;International Center for Climate and Environment Sciences,Institute of Atmospheric Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100029)
出处
《气候与环境研究》
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第6期599-614,共16页
Climatic and Environmental Research
关键词
火灾
泛北极地区
过火面积
空间分布
趋势
年际变化
Fires
Arctic–boreal zone
Burned area
Spatial distribution
Trend
Interannual variability
