摘要
郁金香和百合是最重要的百合科球根花卉。病害是制约郁金香和百合产业健康发展的重要因素。本文介绍了国内为害郁金香和百合的主要病害和病原。国内为害郁金香和百合的主要病原真菌有镰刀菌、灰霉和炭疽菌;主要病原细菌有萎蔫短小杆菌、果胶杆菌属和迪基氏属软腐细菌;主要病毒有郁金香碎色病毒、百合斑驳病毒、百合无症病毒和黄瓜花叶病毒等RNA病毒。主要植物病原线虫有短体线虫、茎线虫和滑刃线虫。线虫取食伤害郁金香和百合的根、鳞茎和芽,促进病原真菌和细菌对植物的复合侵染;毛刺属和拟毛刺属线虫除侵害郁金香和百合,还作为介体向植物传播烟草脆裂病毒。为害郁金香和百合的线虫,南芥菜花叶病毒、草莓潜隐环斑病毒和番茄环斑病毒等RNA病毒是与郁金香和百合相关的主要进境检疫性有害生物。本文也介绍了鉴定这些病原的常规方法和新方法,为建立郁金香和百合主要病原的检测检疫体系提供技术理论支持。
Tulips and lilies are the most important bulb flowers of Liliaceae family.Plant diseases restrict the healthy development of tulip and lily industry.This paper introduces the major diseases and pathogens of tulip and lily plants in China.The major pathogenic fungi of tulip and lily plants in China belong to genera Fusarium,Botrytis,and Colletotrichum.The major bacterial pathogens include Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens and soft rot Pectobacterium and Dickeya.The major viral pathogens include tulip breaking virus,lily mottle virus,lily symptomless virus,and cucumber mosaic virus,which all are RNA viruses.The major pathogenic nematodes belong to genera Pratylenchus,Ditylenchus,Aphelenchoides,which eat and damage tulip and lily roots,bulbs,and sprouts,facilitating the invasions of fungal and bacterial pathogens.Nematodes belonging to genera Trichodorus and Paratrichodorus also invade tulip and lily plants and act as vectors to transmit tobacco rattle virus into plants.These nematode pathogens and RNA viruses—arabis mosaic virus,strawberry latent ringspot virus and tomato ringspot virus are the major quarantine pathogens associated with the imported tulip and lily bulbs.This paper also introduces the conventional and advanced methods for detection and identification of these pathogens,providing a theoretical and technical support for establishing the quarantine system on the pathogens causing tulip and lily diseases.
作者
廖天蓝
罗金燕
陈磊
朱洁
李斌
安千里
LIAO Tianlan;LUO Jinyan;CHEN Lei;ZHU Jie;LI Bin;AN Qianli(State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding,Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province,Institute of Biotechnology,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China;Shanghai Agricultural Technology Extension&Service Center,Shanghai 201103,China;Wenzhou Plant Protection and Soil Fertilizer Management Station,Wenzhou 325000,China)
出处
《植物保护》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第6期1-9,共9页
Plant Protection
基金
上海市科技兴农项目(2021-02-08-00-12-F00771)。
关键词
郁金香
百合
球根花卉
病害
病原鉴定
tulip
lily
bulb flower
disease
pathogen identification
