摘要
目的了解甘肃省居民结核病防治知识知晓情况,并分析其影响因素,为结核病防控工作提供科学依据。方法采用横断面研究设计,根据甘肃省各市(州)经济水平,利用多阶段分层随机抽样法,抽取甘肃省兰州市、定西市和武威市的常住居民451人为调查对象,于2021年3—4月开展面对面问卷调查。利用SPSS 26.0软件对结核病防治知识知晓率及其影响因素进行χ^(2)检验及多因素Logistic回归分析。结果本研究共收集451份有效问卷,受访居民结核病防治知识总知晓率为76.00%。不同性别(χ^(2)=33.330)、年龄(χ^(2)=34.499)、文化程度(χ^(2)=65.553)、职业(χ^(2)=23.842)、家庭人均月收入(χ^(2)=11.320)、是否吸烟(χ^(2)=25.646)、是否饮酒(χ^(2)=15.051)、近3个月健康状况自评结果(χ^(2)=46.187)和是否具备健康素养(χ^(2)=103.211)的组间结核病防治知识总知晓率比较,差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,以18~30岁年龄组为对照,41~50、51~60、>60岁年龄组结核病防治知识知晓情况均更好,OR值分别为3.556(95%CI:1.146~11.032)、4.990(95%CI:1.573~15.827)、4.756(95%CI:1.301~17.392);以健康自评状况为“良好”的居民为对照,健康自评状况为“一般”和“差”的居民结核病防治知晓情况较差,OR值分别为0.486(95%CI:0.250~0.942)和0.254(95%CI:0.112~0.578);以不具备健康素养的居民为对照,具备健康素养的居民结核病知识知晓情况更好(OR=3.902,95%CI:1.621~9.392)。结论甘肃省居民结核病防治知识知晓率有待提高,应加强对女性、青年群体、低文化程度以及农民等人群的结核病政策宣传及健康教育,创新健康知识宣传途径和方式,注重网络新媒体与传统媒体相结合的宣传方式,提高居民健康素养,进而促进结核病防治知识知晓度提升。
Objective To explore the awareness of tuberculosis(TB)prevention and controlknowledge and its influencing factors among residents in Gansu province,and to provide evidencefor TB prevention and control.Methods A cross-sectional study design was employed and a multistage sampling approach was used.The participants were recruited from different economic level in Gansu Province.A total of 451 residents from Lanzhou,Dingxi and Wuwei were invited to participate in a face-to-face surveyfrom March to April 2021.SPSS 26.0 software was used to conduct the Chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression to analyze the influencing factors of the awareness of TB prevention and control knowledge.Results The overall awareness rate of TB prevention and control knowledge was 76.00%.The awareness rates varied statistically in different gender(χ^(2)=33.330),age(χ^(2)=34.499),education level(χ^(2)=65.553),occupation(x2=23.842),family per capita monthly income(x=11.320),self-asssment of health status(χ^(2)=46.187),smoking(χ^(2)=25.646),drinking(χ^(2)=15.051)and health literacy(χ^(2)=103.211)(P<0.05).The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that residents aged 41-50,51-60 and over 60 had better awareness of TB prevention and control knowledge than residents aged 18-30,with OR values of 3.556(95%CI:1.146-11.032),4.990(95%CI:1.573-15.827)and 4.756(95%CI:1.573-15.827).Residents with self-assessment health status as"general"and"bad"had worse awareness of TB prevention and control knowledge than those with self-assessment health status as"good",with OR values of 0.486(95%CI:0.250-0.942)and 0.254(95%CI:0.112-0.578).Residents with health literacy had better awareness of TB prevention and control knowledge than that without health literacy(OR=3.902,95%CI:1.621-9.392).Conclusion The awareness of TB prevention and control knowledge among residents in Gansu Province need to be improved.A variety of health promotion activities should be carried out in dfferent target population especially in female,young people,
作者
赵红梅
尤心怡
胡文品
赵俊贤
骆萌
梁天虎
杜洁
丁国武
李菁华
王晓辉
ZHAO Hong-mei;YOU Xin-yi;HU Wen-pin;ZHAO Jun-xian;LUO Meng;LIANG Tian-hu;DU-Jie;DING Guo-wu;LI Jing-hua;WANG Xiao-hui(Institute of Social Medicine and Health Management,School of Public Health,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China)
出处
《中国健康教育》
北大核心
2023年第9期851-857,863,共8页
Chinese Journal of Health Education
基金
美国中华医学基金会(18-301)。
关键词
结核病
防治知识
知晓率
健康素养
问卷调查
Tuberculosis
Prevention and treatment knowledge
Awareness rate
Health literacy
Questionnaire survey
