摘要
为了解决水印算法中存在水印隐藏程度和鲁棒性的失衡问题,在Contourlet-SVD域将QR(quick response)码与全息技术相联合,提出一种基于QR码的Contourlet-SVD域数字全息水印算法。首先,选择不同的载体图像执行3层Contourlet变换,鉴于低频系数的优势,对低频进行奇异值分解(singular value decomposition,SVD)联合变换;其次,选择“飞行学院”图像经过QR编码生成的QR码作为原始水印图像,对其进行共轭对称扩展傅里叶数字全息,得到QR码全息水印;再次,将全息水印叠加到SVD分解得到的奇异值中,完成水印信息的嵌入。通过仿真实验验证,该算法嵌入水印信息后的图像清晰度较好,峰值信噪比(peak signal-to-noise ratio,PSNR)超过了31 dB,相似性系数NC(normalized correlation)值达到了0.9890。将图像进行抵抗测试,提取的水印信息可以较清晰地辨别,尤其是椒盐噪声、高斯噪声和中通滤波攻击,NC值均达到0.90以上。
In order to solve the imbalance between watermark hiding degree and robustness in the watermarking algorithm,the quick response(QR)code and holographic technology are combined in the Contourlet-SVD domain.A digital holographic watermarking algorithm based on QR code in the Contourlet-SVD domain is proposed.First,the different carrier images are chosen to perform 3-layer Contourlet transform.In view of the advantage of low frequency coefficient,the singular value decomposition(SVD)joint transform is performed for the low frequency coefficient.Second,the QR code which is encoded by“Flight School”image is chosen as the original watermark image.The QR code holographic watermark is obtained by conjugating symmetry extended Fourier digital hologram.Thirdly,the holographic watermark is superimposed on the singular value obtained by SVD to complete the embedding of the watermark information.The simulation experiment proves that the image clarity of the algorithm is better after embedding the watermark information.The peak signal-to-noise ratio(PSNR)value of the algorithm is above 31 dB.The similarity normalized correlation(NC)of the algorithm reaches 0.9890.The extracted watermark information can be clearly identified after the image has been tested against resistance.The NC values all reach above 0.90 especially for salt and pepper noise,Gaussian noise and mid-pass filtering attacks.
作者
马婷
李佳
MA Ting;LI Jia(School of Computer Science,Civil Aviation Flight University of China,Guanghan,Sichuan 618307,China)
出处
《光电子．激光》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第11期1210-1218,共9页
Journal of Optoelectronics·Laser
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(60472127,60879022)
中国民用航空飞行学院面上项目(J2021-059)资助项目。
