摘要
安德里奇的早期中短篇小说《情妇玛拉》讲述了波斯尼亚女性在奥斯曼统治末期、奥匈帝国占领前夕的悲剧命运。本文基于穆尔维的男性凝视理论,结合拉康、萨特、福柯、波伏娃等学者的凝视理论和女性主义观点,从施暴人对女性的凝视和周围人对女性的凝视两个角度,解读《情妇玛拉》中女性的生活境遇和不幸人生,揭示19世纪巴尔干女性遭受男性凝视与性别压迫的社会根源和心理机制。研究发现,小说中呈现的男性凝视不仅来自男性本身,还来自内化了男性凝视的女性,强权、暴力、排斥性惩罚以及女性自我规训,则是父权制运作的重要手段和策略。
Ivo Andric's early medium-length novel The Pasha's Concubine(Mara milosnica)tells about the tragic destiny of Bosnian women during the late Turkish rule and before the Austro-Hungarian occupation of Bosnia and Herzegovina.Based on Laura Mulvey's“male gaze”theory,combined with Lacan,Sartre,Foucault,Beauvoir and other scholars'gaze theories and feminist perspectives,this paper explores the cause of the tragedy of the female characters in The Pasha's Concubine.The analysis focuses on two kinds of“gaze”:the gaze of the perpetrators as well as the gaze of the surrounding people towards female characters.It aims to reveal the social roots and psychological mechanism of male gaze and gender oppression against women in the 19th century Balkans.The study shows that the male gaze presented in the novel comes not only from men,but also from women who have internalized the male gaze.Power,violence,repulsive punishment,and female self-discipline are important means and strategies for the operation of patriarchy.
作者
碧莲娜
柯静
Biljana Simic Velickovic;Ke Jing(School of European Languages and Cultures,Beijing Foreign Studies University,Beijing,China)
出处
《外国文学》
北大核心
2023年第6期16-24,共9页
Foreign Literature
