摘要
研究叶片表型表现差异的8份来自云南大围山的金花茶种质资源,为开发利用金花茶组植物提供科学依据及研究材料。本研究以5份已知的金花茶种质资源为对照,以成熟叶片为试材,通过叶片表型直接观察法对13份金花茶植株的叶片长宽进行评价,采用烘干称重法测量含水率,通过湿灰化法对6种矿质元素(Cu、Zn、Fe、Mn、Ca、Mg)含量进行检测分析,使用紫外分光光度计法对4种功能性成分(茶多酚、总多糖、总皂苷、总黄酮)含量进行检测分析,并利用聚类分析方法解析其与金花茶种质资源的关系。结果表明:13份金花茶叶片形状可以划分为椭圆形和长椭圆形2种类型,叶面积、叶色、叶片锯齿均存在较大差异。叶片中Cu、Zn、Fe、Mn、Ca、Mg含量最高值和最低值存在显著差异,分别相差2.1倍、1.9倍、4.3倍、6.6倍、1.4倍、1.8倍;总皂苷含量相差10.9倍,茶多酚含量相差5.8倍,总多糖含量相差5.0倍,总黄酮含量相差2.0倍。相关性分析表明,茶多酚与叶长/叶宽呈显著负相关,与叶色、叶质呈极显著正相关,叶长/叶宽与锌元素呈显著负相关,叶色与锰元素、绒毛与铜元素之间呈极显著正相关。聚类分析结果表明,当距离系数为4.5时,13份金花茶种质资源可以划分为5组,其中组Ⅰ(包括:红河1号金花茶、JHC-2、JHC-3、JHC-4)和组Ⅳ(包括:普通金花茶、JHC-8、毛瓣金花茶)的内含成分含量相对较高,可能具有更高的药用功能和保健功能,而JHC-2和JHC-8的矿质元素含量及内含成分含量总体较高,因此其后期的开发利用价值更高。本研究结果为后续在金花茶中解析重要功能性成分累积机理的研究筛选到极端材料,并为今后开展金花茶新品种选育和金花茶组植物的进一步开发、利用提供理论依据。
Eight germplasm resources of Camellia sect.Chrysantha from Daweishan Mountain of Yunnan province were studied to provide scientific basis and research materials for the exploitation and utilization of Camellia plants.In this study,the leaf length and width of 13 cultivars of Camellia sect.Chrysantha were evaluated by direct observation of leaf phenotype,using five known germplasm resources as the control and mature leaves as the test materials,the content of six mineral elements(Cu,Zn,Fe,Mn,Ca,Mg) was determined by the wet ashing method,the contents of four functional components(tea polyphenols,total polysaccharides,total saponins and total flavonoids) were determined by the UV photometer method,the relationship between them and germplasm resources of Camellia sect.Chrysantha was analyzed by the cluster analysis.The results showed that the leaf shape of 13 Camellia sect.Chrysantha could be divided into two types:elliptic and oblong,and there were great differences in leaf area,leaf color and leaf serration.The highest and lowest content of Cu,Zn,Fe,Mn,Ca and Mg in leaves was 2.1,1.9,4.3,6.6,1.4 and 1.8 times,respectively.The content of total saponins,tea polyphenols,polysaccharides and flavonoids was 10.9,5.8,5.0 and 2.0 times,respectively.The correlation analysis showed that tea polyphenols had a significant negative correlation with leaf length/leaf width,a significant positive correlation with leaf color and leaf quality,and a significant negative correlation with leaf length/leaf width and zinc,there were significant positive correlations between leaf color and manganese,villi and copper.The results of cluster analysis showed that the 13 germplasm resources could be divided into 5 groups when the distance coefficient was 4.5,group I(including ‘Honghe 1' Camellia sect.Chrysantha,JHC-2,JHC-3,JHC-4) and Group IV(including ordinary Camellia sect.Chrysantha,JHC-8,Camellia pubipetala Wan et Huang) contained relatively high contents of the constituents,JHC-2 and JHC-8 may have higher medicinal and health-care func
作者
张红勐
高园
杨自云
陈龙清
吴田
ZHANG Hongmeng;GAO Yuan;YANG Ziyun;CHEN Longqing;WU Tian(College of Landscape Architecture and Horticulture Sciences,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming,Yunnan 650224,Chi-na;Yunnan Functional Flower Resources and Industrialization Technology Engineering Research Center,Kunming,Yunnan 650224,China)
出处
《热带作物学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第11期2312-2321,共10页
Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops
基金
国家“十三五”重点研发计划项目(No.2019YFD1001005)
云南省教育厅研究生项目(No.2022Y615)。
关键词
金花茶
种质资源
叶片
功能性成分
矿质元素
聚类分析
Camellia sect.Chrysantha
germplasm resources
leaves
functional components
mineral elements
cluster analysis
