摘要
东北虎豹国家公园建设以来,野生动物逐步回归,生物多样性保护取得重要成果。养蜂业作为山区农民脱贫致富的重要产业,在公园建设中具有重要的生态意义。对汪清县养蜂产业调查发现,野生动物的侵袭对蜂业产生了较大的影响。侵袭蜜蜂的野生动物有5纲14目22科24属26种,且种类、数量及危害频率有所增加,养蜂户遭到不同程度的损失。大型野生动物危害较重,蜂农损失金额0.1万元~6.7万元,其中熊和野猪的危害最为严重,遭受熊侵袭的蜂场数量占调查总数的31.9%。公园建设促进植物繁茂,助推蜂业发展,但野生动物对养蜂者心理、放蜂场地选择、养蜂经济效益等有一定影响。因此,建议在建设公园的同时,采取有效管理措施,助推养蜂产业健康发展,减少人兽冲突,对保护公园物种多样性、构建野生动物完整食物链、促进人、蜂与自然和谐共生大有裨益。
Since the construction of theNortheast Tiger and Leopard National Park,wild animals have gradually returned which is a significant achievement in the process of biodiversity conservation.Apiculture isan important industry in lifting hill farmers out of poverty,has important ecological significance in the park building.A survey of Wangqing county's apiculture was shown that the invasion of wild animals had great effect on the apiculture.There were 26 species of wild animals invading honeybees were found,belonging to 5 classes,14 orders,22 families and 24 genus.An increase in the species,quantity and damage frequency of wildlife invading honeybees caused different degrees of losses for beekeepers.Large wild animals,especially bears and wild boar,are greatly harmful to beekeeping and caused beekeepers economic losses between 1 and 67 thousand yuan.The number of bee colonies attacked by bears accounted for 31.9%of the total respondents.Wild animals have a certain influence on the psychology of beekeepers,the site selection and economic benefits of beekeeping.Therefore,we suggest that at the same time of park building,effective management measures should be taken to help apiculture healthy develop healthily and reduce human-animal conflicts,which is beneficial to the biodiversity conservation in park,the integrity of wildlife food chain,and the harmonious coexistence of human,honeybees and nature.
作者
王志
王琦
庄明亮
柏建民
杜亚丽
牛庆生
WANG Zhi;WANG Qi;ZHUANG Mingliang;BAI Jianmin;DU Yali;NIU Qingsheng(Apiculture Science Institute of Jilin Province,Jilin 132108,China)
出处
《特产研究》
2023年第6期178-183,共6页
Special Wild Economic Animal and Plant Research
基金
国家蜂产业技术体系建设项目(CARS-44-KXJ3)。
关键词
蜜蜂
东北虎豹国家公园
野生动物
调查
有效对策
honeybee
Northeast Tiger and Leopard National Park
wild animals
survey
effective countermeasure
