摘要
留守儿童因其与父母分离的不利处境,致使其在适应、发展、行为上表现出不同程度的问题.其中,攻击性作为其突出的外化问题严重影响着他们的社会适应能力.为考察留守儿童攻击性的影响因素及作用机制,采用随机抽样法在家长和学生知情自愿的前提下,以学校为单位对西南地区的3938名留守儿童进行在线问卷调查.结果发现:①留守儿童的自尊、生活满意度、心理素质均显著低于非留守儿童,攻击性显著高于非留守儿童;②留守儿童的自尊、生活满意度、心理素质和攻击性两两之间呈显著负相关;③自尊能够显著负向预测留守儿童的攻击性;④在留守儿童群体中,生活满意度、心理素质均在自尊对攻击性的影响中起单独中介作用,且生活满意度和心理素质在自尊对攻击性的影响中存在链式中介效应.研究结果启示教育者和监护者,在学校教育和日常生活中一方面要注重加强留守儿童自尊的培养,同时还要充分重视其生活满意度的提高,尤其是要加强心理健康教育,促进心理素质的提高,从而降低其攻击性,提高其社会适应能力.
Left-behind children,due to their disadvantaged circumstances resulting from parental separation,exhibit varying degrees of issues in adaptation,development,and behavior.Among these,aggression stands out as a prominent behavioral problem significantly impacting their social adaptation.To investigate the factors and mechanisms influencing aggression in left-behind children,a random sampling method was employed,with parental and student informed consent,to conduct an online questionnaire survey among 3938 left-behind children in the southwestern region.It was found that①Left-behind children's self-esteem,life satisfaction,and psychological suzhi are significantly lower than those of non-left-behind children,while aggression is significantly higher.②There is a significant negative correlation between left-behind children's self-esteem,life satisfaction,psychological suzhi,and aggression.③Self-esteem significantly negatively predicts aggression in left-behind children.④Life satisfaction and psychological suzhi individually mediate the impact of self-esteem on aggression,and a chain mediation effect exists in the influence of self-esteem on aggression.These findings suggest that educators and caregivers should focus on cultivating the self-esteem of left-behind children,while also pay ample attention to improve their life satisfaction.Particularly,there is a need to enhance mental health education to foster the development of psychological suzhi,thereby reducing aggression and promoting their successful social adaptation.
作者
韩宗桥
郭成
王蝶
余宾
何丽
HAN Zongqiao;GUO Cheng;WANG Die;YU Bin;HE Li(Faculty of Psychology/Research Center of Mental Health Education,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China;Biquan Junior Middle School,Bishan Chongqing 402760,China)
出处
《西南大学学报(自然科学版)》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第12期28-35,共8页
Journal of Southwest University(Natural Science Edition)
基金
国家社会科学基金重大项目(19ZDA357).
关键词
留守儿童
攻击性
自尊
生活满意度
心理素质
left-behind children
aggression
self-esteem
life satisfaction
psychological suzhi
