摘要
文章从语义、句法、语用等维度讨论表主观低量的评注性副词“总得”的用法及功能。“总得”有两种语义,在跨层的“总得”向副词“总得”词汇化的过程中,起关键作用的是“总”由时间副词向语气副词的虚化。“总得”标记焦点项,且该焦点项所指是语用量级序列上最可能或最应该发生的。“总得”句中的谓语为非光杆性的复杂形式。“总得”句与其前后小句呈现多样的话语关联,并且“总得”多位于后续句表达描述事件进展的前景信息。根据语义指向,“总得”句的情态主要为陈情或劝说。“总得”与“必须”在分布与意义上有明显差异。
This article discusses the usage and function of the subjective low quantity commentary adverb"zongdei"from the dimensions of semantics,syntax,and pragmatics.In modern Chinese,"zongdei"contains two types of semantics.In the process of lexicalization from the layer-crossing structure"zongdei"to the adverb"zongdei",the key factor is the virtualization of"zong"from a time adverb to a mood adverb."Zongdei"marks the focus item,and the focus item refers to the most likely or expected occurrence in the pragmatic order of magnitude.The predicate in the"zongdei"sentence often appears in a complex form.The sentence"zongdei"presents diverse discourse associations with its preceding and following clauses,and"zongdei"is often located in subsequent sentences to express foreground information which describes the progress of the event.According to the different semantic orientations,the modality displayed by"zongdei"is either a confession or persuasion.There is a clear difference in the distribution and meaning between"zongdei"and"bixu".
作者
邵洪亮
王春杰
SHAO Hong-liang;WANG Chun-jie(School of Chinese Studies and Exchange,Shanghai International Studies University,shanghai 200083)
出处
《汉语学习》
CSSCI
北大核心
2023年第6期24-33,共10页
Chinese Language Learning
基金
国家社科基金项目“汉语的引述性表达形式及其功能研究”(项目编号:22BYY133)资助。
关键词
“总得”
评注性副词
主观低量
“必须”
“zongdei”(总得)
commentary adverb
subjective low quantity
“bixu”(必须)
