摘要
【目的】城市公园绿地区域热环境存在空间分异特征,对绿地空间内部景观异质性与人体感舒适热度(简称体感舒适度)相关关系进行定量化研究,对改善城市环境舒适度具有重要意义。【方法】在北京奥林匹克森林公园绿地内选定典型植物群落结构、群落类型及景观环境样点区域,基于实测数据并使用兼顾主客观因素的PMV-PPD体感舒适度指标,阐明该公园绿地区域体感舒适度的空间分异特征。【结果】研究表明:从公园绿地不同植物群落结构区域的体感舒适度水平来看,乔-草型及乔-灌型双层结构区域较高,草坪/地被型及灌-草型结构区域次之,乔-灌-草型结构区域最低;从不同群落类型区域的体感舒适度水平来看,落叶阔叶型区域高于常绿针叶型、针阔叶混交型及草坪/地被型区域,灌丛型区域最低;从不同典型景观环境的体感舒适度水平来看,双层群落结构区域高于滨水及复层群落结构区域,单层及滨水广场群落结构区域的体感舒适度水平最低。【结论】为基于改善城市环境舒适度为目的的城市绿色空间规划设计及更新提供科学依据。
[Objective] In highly urbanized areas,the widespread presence of urban heat island(UHI) effect is not conducive to sustainable urban development and quality improvement of urban living environment.As part of urban green infrastructure,urban green space can not only reduce and improve the scope and intensity of UHI,but also further improve the human comfort of small-scale urban spaces.At the same time,the functions of urban green spaces vary due to their landscape pattern characteristics and plant community characteristics.This research aims to innovatively elucidate the correlation between the spatial characteristics of plant community and human thermal comfort(HTC) in urban green space based on long-term fixed-point measurement data.[Methods] This research covers the early planning and design stage,construction stage,and post-construction use stage of Beijing Olympic Forest Park(BOFP) spanning the period from 2005 to 2022.The research team not only participates in the planning and design of BOFP,but also pays continuous attention to the effectiveness and efficiency of the park's ecological benefits after being completed and put into operation.Specifically,the research team continuously measures the basic data on HTC,such as air temperature and relative humidity,in 17 fixed sample plot areas of BOFP.Through preliminary analysis of measured data,it is found that there are significant differences in HTC between different plant community structures and types of areas within BOFP during the same period.This is not only an important opportunity for this research to be conducted,but also constitutes the core scientific issue that this research attempts to elucidate.This research is based on measured data and attempts to use the PMV-PPD model of HTC that takes into account both subjective and objective factors to analyze and explain the spatial differentiation characteristics of HTC in BOFP.[Results] The research results indicate that the HTC level of different community structures is highest in the tree-shrub and tree-
作者
潘剑彬
史川
黄田田
朱丹莉
PAN Jianbin;SHI Chuan;HUANG Tiantian;ZHU Danli(School of Architecture and Urban Planning,Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture)
出处
《风景园林》
2023年第12期114-120,共7页
Landscape Architecture
基金
国家自然科学基金“基于负氧舒适度的建筑室外绿地参数化景观设计基础研究”(编号51641801)。
关键词
风景园林
城市绿地
人体感热舒适度
空间分异
循证设计
landscape architecture
urban green space
human thermal comfort(HTC)
spatial differentiation
evidence-based design
