摘要
钢铁工业是典型的高能耗行业。中国是世界上最大的钢铁生产国,粗钢产量常年稳居世界首位。中国钢铁生产主要以高炉→转炉长流程为主,其中炼铁系统能耗占比巨大。减少炼铁系统的用能损失,提高炼铁系统的能源利用率,对中国钢铁工业节能减排的进一步发展有着重要意义。[火用]分析法从能量的“量”和“质”角度揭示了能量中[火用]的转移、损失、利用和贬损情况,便于挖掘节能潜力,推动系统的节能降耗工作。基于能量平衡、物质平衡和[火用]平衡等理论,结合实际设备生产模式以及技术参数,建立了包含焦化、烧结、球团和高炉4个工序的炼铁系统[火用]优化模型,以炼铁系统最小[火用]损为目标对其进行优化,进而分析了影响炼铁系统[火用]损降低的主要因素及其作用规律。结果表明,优化后炼铁系统的[火用]损由优化前的5474.89 MJ/t降低至4775.84 MJ/t,降幅为12.77%,其中高炉工序贡献了45.91%的[火用]损;系统因为工序内部[火用]损降低而导致的直接节[火用]量为202.98 MJ/t,因为铁比系数的改变而导致的间接节[火用]量为496.08 MJ/t;降低炼焦煤水分、灰分,降低烧结生产的自返矿率和烧结机漏风率将有助于降低系统[火用]损。提高烧结矿品位,提高高炉鼓风风温、富氧率,提高高炉喷吹煤量,提高炉料结构中的块矿比和球团矿比有助于降低系统[火用]损。
The steel industry is a typical high-energy consuming industry.China is the world′s largest steel producer,with crude steel production consistently ranking first in the world.China′s steel production is mainly based on the BF-BOF production process,among which the energy consumption of the ironmaking system accounts for a huge proportion.Reducing energy loss in the ironmaking system and improving energy utilization efficiency are of great significance for the further development of energy conservation and emission reduction in China′s steel industry.The exergy analysis method reveals the transfer,loss,utilization,and degradation of exergy in energy from the perspectives of"quantity"and"quality",facilitating the exploration of energy-saving potential and promoting the energy-saving and consumption reduction work of the system.Based on the theory of energy balance,material balance and exergy balance,combined with actual equipment production modes and technical parameters,an optimization model for the ironmaking system is established,which includes four processes,coking,sintering,pelletizing and blast furnace process.The goal is to minimize the exergy loss of the ironmaking system,and then analyze the main factors that affect the reduction of exergy loss in the ironmaking system and their action patterns.The results show that,the total exergy loss of ironmaking system decreased from 5474.89 MJ/t to 4775.84 MJ/t,with a decrease of 12.77%.The blast furnace process contributed 45.91%of the exergy loss in ironmaking system,the direct exergy saving caused by the reduction of process exergy loss is 202.98 MJ/t.And the indirect exergy saving caused by the change of iron ratio is 496.08 MJ/t;Reducing the moisture and ash content of coking coal,reducing the self return rate and the air leakage rate of sintering machine are helpful to reduce the system exergy loss.The improvement of sinter grade,blast temperature and oxygen enrichment rate of blast furnace blast,coal injection rate of blast furnace,lump ore ratio and pe
作者
陈宝奇
那洪明
袁喻兴
王维辰
杜涛
CHEN Baoqi;NA Hongming;YUAN Yuxing;WANG Weichen;DU Tao(SEP Key Laboratory of Eco-Industry,Northeastern University,Shenyang 110819,Liaoning,China;National Frontiers Science Center for Industrial Intelligence and Systems Optimization,Northeastern University,Shenyang 110819,Liaoning,China)
出处
《钢铁》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第11期141-149,共9页
Iron and Steel
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(52270177)
111计划资助项目(B16009)
青年托举人才工程资助项目(2022QNRC001)
辽宁省博士启动基金资助项目(2023-BS-054)。
关键词
炼铁系统
[火用]损
优化分析
影响因素
铁比系数
ironmaking system
exergy loss
optimization analysis
influencing factor
iron ratio
