摘要
为分析添加有不同比例小麦颗粒的饲粮对藏羊瘤胃发酵特性、消化酶活性、免疫机能、抗氧化能力及其菌群组成的影响,选择初始体重相近[(21.87±2.35)kg]、胎次一致、体况良好的90日龄高原型藏羊公羔,随机分为3组,分别使用0(CPW)、10%(LPW)、15%(HPW)的小麦替代精料中的部分玉米。试验结束时,各组随机选择试验羊进行屠宰,采集瘤胃内容物,测定其发酵参数、消化酶活性、免疫功能、抗氧化能力和细菌组成。结果显示:CPW组藏羊瘤胃中的乙酸、丁酸含量显著(P<0.05)高于HPW组。CPW组藏羊瘤胃中的α-淀粉酶、纤维素酶、糜蛋白酶、胰蛋白酶活性显著低于LPW组。LPW组藏羊瘤胃的免疫球蛋白A和免疫球蛋白G显著高于CPW组,但肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)的含量刚好相反。HPW组藏羊瘤胃液的总抗氧化能力显著高于CPW组,但过氧化氢酶活性显著低于LPW组。各组藏羊瘤胃中的细菌多样性差异不显著:在门水平上,厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)、放线菌门(Actinobacteria)为优势菌门;在属水平上,F082_未分类(F082_unclassified)、瘤胃球菌科_NK4A214_群(Ruminococcaceae_NK4A214_group)、琥珀酸菌属(Succiniclasticum)、Shuttleworthia、普雷沃氏菌属_1(Prevotella_1)等为藏羊瘤胃中的优势菌属。功能预测发现,瘤胃细菌主要富集于氨基酸代谢、辅因子与维生素代谢、翻译等通路上。综上,在饲料中使用适宜水平的小麦替代玉米对藏羊瘤胃发酵功能与细菌群落结构的影响较小,并可明显增强其消化酶活性,提高机体免疫力,在试验条件下,推荐小麦替代玉米的比例为10%。
In order to study the effects of different proportions of wheat particle added to the diet on the fermentation parameters,digestive enzymes activities,immune function,antioxidant capacity and microbial structure and composition,90-d-old male Tibetan lambs with similar weight[(21.87±2.35)kg],consistent parity and good development were randomly divided into three groups.In these groups,0(CPW),10%(LPW)and 15%(HPW)wheat were used to replace maize in the diet.At the end of the experiment,trial lambs in each group were slaughtered randomly,the rumen fluid were collected,and the fermentation parameters,digestive enzymes activities,immune function,antioxidant capacities and bacteria were determined.It was shown that the contents of acetic acid and butyric acid in the CPW group were significantly(P<0.05)higher than those in the HPW group.The activities ofα-amylase,cellulase,chymotrypsin and trypsin in the CPW group were significantly lower than those in the LPW group.The immunoglobulin A and immunoglobulin G in the LPW group were significantly higher than those in the CPW group,but the tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)content was the opposite.The total antioxidant capacity of the HPW group was significantly higher than that of the CPW group,while the catalase activity of the HPW group was significantly lower than that of the LPW group.There was no significant difference in the rumen bacterial diversity among three groups.At the phylum level,Firmicutes,Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteria were the dominant phyla.At the genus level,F082_unclassified,Ruminococcaceae_NK4A214_group,Succiniclasticum,Shuttleworthia,Prevotella_1 were dominant.Function prediction showed that rumen bacteria were mainly enriched in amino acid metabolism,metabolism of cofactors and vitamins,and translation,etc.In conclusion,addition of the appropriate level of wheat instead of maize in the diet had no significant effect on rumen fermentation function and bacterial community structure of Tibetan lamp,and could enhance digestive enzymes activities,antioxi
作者
周力
桂林生
ZHOU Li;GUI Linsheng(College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,China)
出处
《浙江农业学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第11期2543-2554,共12页
Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis
基金
青海省科技厅项目(2022-NK-169)。
关键词
高原型藏羊
瘤胃
微生物
发酵参数
消化酶活性
免疫
抗氧化
plateau-type Tibetan lamp
rumen
microorganisms
fermentation parameters
digestive enzymes activities
immune
antioxidant
