摘要
目的了解焦作市某汽车销售服务有限公司汽车维修(机修车间、钣金车间、喷漆车间)过程中存在的职业病危害因素,对该企业职业病危害因素进行检测、分析并提出相关职业病防护建议。方法2021年11月,通过职业卫生调查焦作市某汽车销售服务有限公司维修过程中使用的原辅料的成分及用量,结合维修工艺,识别该企业工作场所职业病危害因素,并进行检测,分析职业病防护措施。结果该企业接触职业病危害因素人员20人,产生的职业病危害因素包括电焊烟尘、砂轮磨尘、滑石粉尘、油漆粉尘、二甲苯、乙酸丁酯、苯乙烯、溶剂汽油、一氧化碳、二氧化碳、氮氧化物、臭氧、锰及其化合物、噪声、紫外辐射、丁醇、异丙醇、戊烷、正己烷、正庚烷、甲醇和二氯甲烷等。该企业产生粉尘的车间主要为钣金车间、喷漆车间,本次共检测4个操作位,均符合《工作场所有害因素职业接触限值第1部分:化学有害因素》的要求。产生化学毒物的车间为钣金车间、机修车间、喷漆车间,本次共检测8个操作位,结果均符合《工作场所有害因素职业接触限值第1部分:化学有害因素》的要求。该企业工作场所钣金车间钣金岗位L_(EX,8 h)为82.1 d B(A),洗车岗位_(LEX,8 h)为76.8 d B(A),喷漆车间喷漆岗位LEX,8 h为78.8 d B(A),检测结果均符合《工作场所有害因素职业接触限值第2部分:物理因素》的要求。钣金工紫外辐射测量符合符合《工作场所有害因素职业接触限值第2部分:物理因素》的要求。结论建议该企业采用水性油漆代替油性油漆。喷漆房采用上送风下排风方式减少作业人员接触的职业病危害因素。同时对噪声作业岗位、噪声作业点降噪耳塞的使用情况进行监督检查,保证员工正确佩戴。
Objective To understand the occupational hazard factors existing in the process of automobile maintenance(mechanical repair workshop,sheet metal workshop,painting workshop)of an automobile sales service Co.,LTD in Jiaozuo City,detect and analyze the occupational hazard factors of the enterprise,and put forward relevant occupational disease protection suggestions.Methods In November 2021,the composition and dosage of raw and auxiliary materials used in the maintenance process of an automobile sales and service Co.,LTD in Jiaozuo City were investigated through occupational hygiene.Combined with the maintenance process,the occupational hazard factors in the workplace of the company were identified and tested,and the occupational disease protection measures were analyzed.Results There were 20 people exposed to occupational disease hazard factors in the enterprise,and the occupational hazard factors included electric welding fumes,grinding wheel grinding dust,talc dust,paint dust,xylene,butyl acetate,styrene,solvent gasoline,carbon monoxide,carbon dioxide,nitrogen oxides,ozone,manganese and its compounds,noise,ultraviolet radiation,butanol,isopropanol,pentane,n-hexane,n-heptane,methanol,and dichloromethane.The workshops that generate dust in this enterprise are mainly sheet metal workshops and paint spraying workshopsare mainly sheet metal workshops and painting workshops.A total of four operating positions were tested this survey,all of which met the requirements of the Occupational Exposure Limits for Hazardous Factors in the Workplace Part 1:Chemical Hazardous Factors.The workshops that produce chemical poisons are sheet metal workshops,machine repair workshops,and painting workshops.A total of eight operating positions were tested,and the structures all meet the requirements of the Occupational Exposure Limits for Hazardous Factors in the Workplace Part 1:Chemical Hazardous Factors.The LEX,8h of sheet metal position in sheet metal workshop was 82.1 dB(A),L_(EX,8 h)of car wash position was 76.8 dB(A),and L_(EX,8 h)
作者
张要锋
梅树林
齐振文
ZHANG Yaofeng;MEI Shulin;QI Zhenwen(Department of Disinfection and Vector Control,Jiaozuo Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Jiaozuo Henan,454000,China)
出处
《职业与健康》
CAS
2023年第19期2612-2616,共5页
Occupation and Health
关键词
汽车服务有限公司
职业病
危害因素
识别
检测
Automobile Service Co.,LTD
Occupational disease
Hazard factors
Identification
Detection
