摘要
探讨沿海城市土地利用时空变化对景观格局的影响,对于深化和揭示土地利用对景观功能的效应有重要意义。根据1990、2000、2010、2020年沿海城市盐城4期Landsat遥感影像,通过ENVI5.2监督分类及目视解译,得到4期土地利用分类数据,运用土地利用动态度、马尔科夫转移矩阵来分析土地类型的变化差异性,从而揭示盐城市景观格局的演变特征。结果表明,1990-2020年盐城市耕地面积减少了近400 km^(2),部分耕地转变为草地和水体,水体占比从2.26%增加至9.35%,呈现快速增长趋势,耕地和林地呈快速减少趋势,建设用地转入转出频繁,但总体转化增速较为缓慢。研究时段后期,滩涂滩地占比从4.05%降低至2.29%,逐渐向草地和水体转化。1990-2020年盐城市土地利用变化剧烈导致景观格局指数发生显著变化,耕地的斑块数量和斑块密度逐年增加,说明耕地破碎化程度呈现逐渐增强的趋势。研究区内各用地类型边缘密度增加,蔓延度指数、聚合度指数减少,说明研究区域内的景观边缘形状指数趋于复杂,景观类型的离散度增加,区域空间范围内的聚集性减弱。各种景观类型变化差异相对增大,使得近30 a盐城市的景观格局趋于复杂,滩涂滩地的特殊性质更是加剧了不同景观间的异质性。以上分析表明,人为干预、社会经济以及城市建设发展成为影响盐城市景观格局变化的主要因素。
It is of great significance to explore the impact of spatio-temporal change of land use on landscape pattern in coastal cities for deepening and revealing the effects of land use on landscape function.This paper based on the four-phase Landsat TM remote sensing images of Yancheng City in 1990,2000,2010 and 2020,the ENVI supervision method was adopted to obtain the four-phase land use vector graphics and generate vector data files.Dynamic change of land use and Markov transfer matrix were used to describe the change differences of land types,so as to analyze the evolution characteristics of landscape pattern of Yancheng City.The results showed that the cultivated land area of Yancheng City decreased by nearly 400 km^(2)from 1990 to 2020,the landscape matrix changed from cultivated land patch type to grassland and water body patch type,water body showed a rapid growth trend.The proportion of water body increased from 2.26%to 9.35%,showing a rapid growth trend,cultivated land and forest land showed a rapid decrease trend,and construction land was frequently transferred in and out.But the overall conversion growth rate was relatively slow.At the end of the study period,the proportion of tidal flats decreased from 4.05%to 2.29%,and gradually changed to grassland and water body.From 1990 to 2020,drastic land use change in Yancheng City resulted in significant spatial changes of landscape pattern.NP and PD of cultivated land increased year by year,indicating that the degree of fragmentation of cultivated land landscape showed a gradually increasing trend.In the study area,ED increased,while CONTAG and AI decreased,indicating that the landscape edge shape index in the study area tended to be complicated.The dispersion of landscape types increased,and the aggregation in the regional spatial range weakened.The above analysis shows that the human intervention,social economy and urban planning and development are the main factors affecting the change of landscape pattern in the study area.
作者
蒋德平
季翔
王东
JIANG De-ping;JI Xiang;WANG Dong(School of Mechanics and Civil Engineering,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou 221116,Jiangsu,China;School of Economics and Management,Jiangsu Vocational Institute of Architectural Technology,Xuzhou 221116,Jiangsu,China;Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Building Energy Saving and Construction Technology,Jiangsu Vocational Institute of Architectural Technology,Xuzhou 221116,Jiangsu,China)
出处
《西北林学院学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第6期243-251,共9页
Journal of Northwest Forestry University
基金
“十三五”国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD1100200)
江苏省住建厅2019年科技指导项目(2019ZD001015)
江苏省高校优秀科技创新团队(2019-45)
江苏省住建厅2014年科技指导项目(201406100017)。
关键词
盐城市
景观格局
景观破碎化
景观指数
时空变化
Yancheng city
landscape pattern
landscape fragmentation
landscape index
temporal and spatial variation
