摘要
Lithium metal is considered to be the most ideal anode because of its highest energy density,but conventional lithium metal−liquid electrolyte battery systems suffer from low Coulombic efficiency,repetitive solid electrolyte interphase formation,and lithium dendrite growth.To overcome these limitations,dendrite-free liquid metal anodes exploiting composite solutions of alkali metals,aromatics,and ether solvents have been studied.These composite solutions are much easier to control and stabilize than molten alkali metals or alkali metal alloys.Herein,we provide a detailed overview of complex solutions of alkali metals,aromatics,and ether solvents,including their development history,principles,and characteristics.In addition,the obstacles limiting their practical applications and the future research directions are discussed/proposed for the benign development of this field.
基金
supported by the Outstanding Youth Fund Project by Department of Science and Technology of Jiangsu Province(Grant No.BK20220045)
the Key R&D Project funded by Department of Science and Technology of Jiangsu Province(Grant No.BE2020003)
the Key Program-Automobile Joint Fund of National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.U1964205)
the General Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51972334)
the General Program of National Natural Science Foundation of Beijing(Grant No.2202058)
the Cultivation project of leading innovative experts in Changzhou City(CQ20210003)
the National Overseas High-level Expert recruitment Program(Grant No.E1JF021E11)
the Talent Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences“Scientist Studio Program Funding”from Yangtze River Delta Physics Research Center and Tianmu Lake Institute of Advanced Energy Storage Technologies(Grant No.TIES-SS0001)
the Science and Technology Research Institute of China Three Gorges Corporation(Grant No.202103402).
