摘要
Low-cost sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)are promising candidates for grid-scale energy-storage systems,and the wide-temperature operations of SIBs are highly demanded to accommodate extreme weather.Herein,a low-cost SIB is fabricated with a Na_(4)Fe_(3)(PO_(4))_(2)P_(2)O_(7)(NFPP)cathode,a natural graphite(NG)anode,and an ether-based electrolyte.The prepared NG/NFPP batteries deliver a long lifespan of 1000 cycles,high-power density of 5938 W/kg,and remarkable rate performance of 10 A/g with a high capacity retention of 60%.Benefiting from the solvent co-intercalation process of the NG anode and the high Na^(+) diffusion rate of the NFPP cathode,the NG//NFPP battery displays outstanding performance at-40℃ and even can work at an ultralow temperature of-70℃.Furthermore,the high boiling point of the electrolytes and high thermal stability of the electrode materials also enable the high-temperature operation of the full battery up to 130℃.This work will guide the design of the wide-temperature SIBs.
基金
support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.222252-01,21975052)
the Shanghai Pilot Program for Basic Research-Fudan University 21TQ1400100(No.21TQ009)
the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.20720220010).
