土壤保水材料的研究进展

Research Progress of Soil Water Retention Materials

下载PDF

导出

摘要土壤保水材料是一种可以提高土壤保水能力、减少用水量、促进植物生长的新型材料。本文介绍了合成聚合物类和天然聚合物类土壤保水材料的研究进展,重点讨论了聚丙烯酰胺、聚丙烯酸、聚乙烯醇等合成聚合物类和淀粉、纤维素等天然聚合物类土壤保水材料的作用机理及其优缺点,并对土壤保水材料的发展进行了展望。合成聚合物类保水材料虽然具有较高的吸水和保水性能,但难以生物降解,易造成环境污染。天然聚合物类保水材料可降解,并对环境无污染,但是吸水率相对较低,因此在实际应用中的用量较大,成本高。未来,天然聚合物土壤保水材料将会有更大的发展空间。此外,土壤保水材料在生态修复、沙漠化防治、城市绿化、工业用水节约等方面也有一定的应用潜力。今后的土壤保水材料研究应致力于使其能够根据土壤水分状况自动调节吸放水平衡,并进一步降低成本和施用量。 Soil water-retaining material is a new type of material that can improve soil water-retaining capacity,reduce water consumption,and promote plant growth.In this article,the research progress of synthetic and natural polymer soil water retaining materials is introduced,with a focus on the working mechanism and advantages and disadvantages of synthetic polymers such as polyacrylamide,polyacrylic acid,polyvinyl alcohol,and natural polymer soil water retaining materials such as starch and cellulose.The development of soil water retaining materials is also prospected.Although synthetic polymer water-retaining materials have high water absorption and retention properties,they are difficult to biodegradable and can easily cause environmental pollution.Natural polymer water-retaining materials are biodegradable and have no pollution to the environment,but their water absorption rate is relatively low,so they have a large amount of usage and high cost in practical applications.In the future,it is expected that natural polymer soil water-retaining materials will have greater room for development.In addition,soil water-retaining materials also have certain application potential in ecological restoration,desertification prevention,urban greening,industrial water conservation,etc.Future research should also focus on enabling soil water-retaining materials to automatically adjust the balance of water absorption and release according to soil moisture conditions,and further reduce costs and application amounts.

作者王小勇牛俊婕王雨潇周通贺靖一刘泽华 WANG Xiaoyong;NIU Junjie;WANG Yuxiao;ZHOU Tong;HE Jingyi;LIU Zehua(China Light Industry Key Laboratory of Papermaking and Biorefinery,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper,College of Light Industry Science and Engineering,Tianjin University of Science&Technology,Tianjin 300457,China)

机构地区中国轻工业造纸与生物质精炼重点实验室

出处《天津造纸》 2023年第3期30-38,共9页 Tianjin Paper Making

关键词土壤保水天然聚合物合成聚合物 soil water retention natural polymers synthetic polymers

分类号 TQ317 [化学工程—高聚物工业]