摘要
目的探究儿童身体发育状况与影响因素。方法选取2020年1月至2022年1月某幼儿园体检的儿童,共计600例,年龄3~6岁。汇总儿童的体检信息,包括身高、体质量等,对相关影响因素进行深入研究。结果在地区、年龄、性别校正情况下,近1年内感冒次数较少的儿童,体质量相对较高,差异显著,P<0.05,但与身高无显著差异,P>0.05;出生体质量较低的儿童与正常体质量、巨大儿相比,体格测量指标较低,差异显著,P<0.05;以乳制品喂养为主的儿童,其身高超过非乳制品喂养儿童,差异显著,P<0.05;无偏食、家庭经济水平较高的儿童,与偏食、家庭经济水平较差的儿童相比,体格测量指标较高,差异显著,P<0.05;父母文化程度越高,儿童体格指标也较高,P<0.05;父母职业为工农的儿童的身高低于父母职业非工农的儿童,P<0.05,但与体质量无显著性,P>0.05。根据多因素分析结果可知,性别、年龄、喂养方式、出生体质量、是否偏食、家庭经济状况对身高、体质量具有直接影响,差异显著,P<0.05。结论儿童身体发育受多种因素影响,应加强孕产期保健,避免新生儿体质量过低,宣传科学喂养知识,改变不良饮食习惯,将儿童保健工作重心放在低收入家庭,避免营养不良,全面提高幼儿体质。
Objective To explore the physical development status and influencing factors of children.Methods A total of 600 children aged 3-6 who underwent physical examinations in a kindergarten from January 2020 to January 2022 were selected.Summarize the physical examination information of children,including height,weight,etc.,and conduct in-depth research on relevant influencing factors.Results Under the correction of region,age,and gender,children with fewer colds in the past year had relatively higher weight,with a significant difference(P<0.05),but no significant difference(P>0.05)with height;Compared with normal weight and macrosomia,children with lower birth weight have lower physical measurement indicators and significant differences(P<0.05);Children who are mainly fed with dairy products have a significantly higher height than those who are not fed with dairy products,P<0.05;Compared with children with partial diet and poor family economic level,the physical measurement indexes of children without partial diet and high family economic level were higher,and the difference was significant(P<0.05);The higher the educational level of parents,the higher the physical indicators of children,P<0.05;Children whose parents are workers or farmers have a lower height than non workers or farmers(P<0.05),but there is no significant correlation with weight(P>0.05).According to the results of multiple factor analysis,gender,age,feeding method,birth weight,whether a particular diet is preferred,and family economic status have a direct impact on height and weight,with significant differences(P<0.05).Conclusions Children's physical development is influenced by multiple factors,and it is necessary to strengthen prenatal care,avoid low newborn weight,promote scientific feeding knowledge,change unhealthy dietary habits,focus children's health work on low-income families,avoid malnutrition,and comprehensively improve the body quality of young children.
作者
柯丽华
KE Lihua(Department of Public Health,Community Health Service Center of Yannan Street,Yongan City,Sanming 366000,China)
出处
《中国医药指南》
2023年第33期117-119,共3页
Guide of China Medicine
关键词
幼儿
身体发育
影响因素
体质健康
Young children
Physical development
Influencing factors
Physical health
