摘要
随着近海渔业资源的持续衰退,公海渔业资源的经济价值和战略地位不断提升,并逐渐成为各海洋大国竞相争夺的对象。运用FAO渔业数据和GFW渔船监测数据,选取太平洋西北渔区和太平洋中西渔区的公海海域(61区、71区)为研究案例,并尝试运用三维空间概念模型,从自然价值、需求程度和可获得性三个维度评估和比较两渔区公海渔业资源对中国的潜在战略价值。结果表明:(1)两渔区渔获量一直稳定在较高水平,71区的渔获量高于61区,但中国的渔获量占比却在持续下降,中国在公海的渔业捕捞强度有待提升。(2)中国在61区和71区的渔业资源战略价值分别处于中值区和低值区,且均呈波动下降趋势,公海渔业资源对中国的战略价值仍有较大提升空间。自然价值和需求程度变化幅度较小,可获得性变化与战略价值趋同。(3)两渔区自然价值均值均处于中值区,需求程度均值均处于低值区,可获得性分别处于中值区(61区)、较低值区(71区),可见公海渔业资源对中国具有较高的开发利用潜力,但中国对资源的依赖程度不高。三个维度整体上处于协调发展状态,但耦合协调的稳定性较差。(4)影响战略价值的因素主要是海洋地缘环境、全球地缘经济发展、渔业资源结构和海洋发展能力与规划。
With the continuous decline of offshore fishery resources,the economic value and strategic position of high seas fishery resources are constantly improving,and gradually becoming the object of competition among various maritime powers.Using FAO fishery data and GFW fishing vessel monitoring data,this study selected the high seas(Area 61 and Area 71)of the Northwest Pacific fishing area and the Central Western Pacific fishing area as research cases,and attempted to use a three-dimensional spatial conceptual model to evaluate and compare China's strategic value of high seas fishery resources from three dimensions:natural value,demand degree and availability.The results indicate that:(1)The fishing catches in both fishing areas have been stable at a relatively high level,the fishing catches in Area 71 were higher than those in Area 61.However,the proportion of fishing catches in China continues to decline.China's fishing intensity in high seas urgently needs to be improved.(2)China's strategic value of fishery resources in Area 61 and Area 71 is in midrange and low-range,respectively,and both show a fluctuating downward trend.There is still significant room for improvement in strategic value of high seas fishery resources to China.The changes in natural value and demand degree are relatively small,and the changes in availability converge with strategic value.(3)In both fishing areas,the average natural values are in mid-range,the average demand degrees are in low-range,and the availability is in midrange(Area 61)and lower-range(Area 71),respectively.The high seas fishery resources have high development and utilization potential for China,but China's dependence on resources is not high.The complex natural conditions and geopolitical environment of Area 71 make its availability low.The three dimensions are in a coordinated development state overall,but the stability of coupling coordination is poor.(4)The main factors that affect the strategic value of high seas fishery resources to China are marine geo-environment,gl
作者
董梦如
郭建科
郑苗壮
韩增林
王家启
刘书舟
DONG Meng-ru;GUO Jian-ke;ZHENG Miao-zhuang;HAN Zeng-lin;WANG Jia-qi;LIU Shu-zhou(Key Research Base of Humanities and Social Sciences of Ministry of Education,Center for Studies of Marine Economy and Sustainable Development,Liaoning Normal University,Dalian 116029,Liaoning,China;School of Geographical Sciences,Liaoning Normal University,Dalian 116029,Liaoning,China;Institute of International Relations,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210008,China;China Institute of Marine Affairs,Ministry of Natural Resources,Beijing 100812,China;College of Marine Science,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China)
出处
《自然资源学报》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第11期2757-2772,共16页
Journal of Natural Resources
基金
教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目(22JJD790032)
国家社会科学基金重大项目(19VHQ006)
国家自然科学基金项目(41976206)。
关键词
公海
公海渔业资源
战略价值
太平洋渔区
high seas
high seas fishery resources
strategic value
Pacific fishing area
