摘要
机械能量采集是将环境中分散和无序的低品质高熵机械能转换为电能,可以为广泛分布的传感器等低功耗电子器件供电实现自供能物联网,具有灵活、便捷、可持续和零碳环保的优势,能够广泛应用于生态环境监测、基础设施健康状态监测和设备状态监测等,是国际前沿研究热点.但是,目前机械能量采集存在输出功率低、工作频带窄、低频效果差、环境适应性差和可靠性低等制约其实际应用的关键难题.机械能量采集动力学调控方法能够改善机械能量采集系统的动力学性能,使其与特定的环境激励相匹配,提升系统的输出电学性能.文章构建了机械能量采集动力学调控方法体系,包括激励调制、非线性系统、多自由度系统、自适应控制和策略调控等方法;论述了动力学调控方法的最新研究进展,包括每类动力学调控方法的特点和典型设计;最后,总结了动力学调控方法的关键挑战,并预测了未来发展方向.为机械能量采集系统适应复杂环境激励提供了新的动力学调控视角,有益于促进机械能量采集理论与技术的发展.
Mechanical energy harvesting is a process of converting the scattered,disordered,low-quality,and high entropy mechanical energy from the environment into electrical energy.It enables self-powered IoT by powering lowpower electronic devices such as widely distributed sensors.Mechanical energy harvesting exhibits the merits of flexible,convenient,sustainable,zero carbon,and environmental-friendly.It has become an international frontier research hotspot and can be widely applied in natural environment monitoring,infrastructure condition monitoring,equipment condition monitoring,etc.However,key issues are restricting the practical application of mechanical energy harvesting,such as low output power,narrow working frequency band,poor low-frequency effect,poor environmental adaptability,and low reliability.The dynamic regulation method for mechanical energy harvesting has the potential to enhance the performance of such systems by tailoring them to specific environmental stimuli and improving their output electrical performance.This paper constructs a dynamic regulation methodology system including excitation regulation,nonlinear systems,multi-degree of freedom systems,adaptive control and strategy regulation.The latest advancements in dynamic regulation methods has been discussed,including the characteristics and typical designs of each type of dynamic regulation method.Finally,the main challenges faced by dynamic regulation methods were summarized and the development trends were discussed.This paper provides a new perspective for adaptive dynamic regulation of mechanical energy harvesting systems in complex environments,which is beneficial for promoting the development of mechanical energy harvesting theory and technology.
作者
赵林川
陈泽文
邹鸿翔
孟光
张文明
Zhao Linchuan;Chen Zewen;Zou Hongxiang;Meng Guang;Zhang Wenming(State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China;School of Mechanical Engineering,Hunan Institute of Engineering,Xiangtan 411104,Hunan,China;College of Automotive and Mechanical Engineering,Changsha University of Science and Technology,Changsha 410114,China)
出处
《力学学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第10期2094-2114,共21页
Chinese Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics
基金
国家自然科学基金(12202262,12172127,12032015和12102253)
中国博士后科学基金(2023T160418,2022M722086)资助项目.
关键词
动力学调控
能量采集
机械能
自供能技术
dynamic regulation
energy harvesting
mechanical energy
self-powered technology
