摘要
为了满足多用户安全通信的需求,利用四粒子cluster态的纠缠特性和测量-重发操作提出一个四方半量子密钥协商协议。该协议能够使一个全量子方和三个半量子方在无可信第三方协助的情况下进行密钥协商,并公平地建立共享密钥。由于该协议的半量子方仅需执行简单量子态制备、测量和反射操作,因此该协议降低了对参与者能力和设备的要求。研究结果表明,该协议在有效地抵御参与者攻击和所有外部攻击的同时具备良好的性能。
Objective Quantum cryptography is a new research field emerging from the combination of cryptography and quantum mechanics.Furthermore,the basic principles of quantum mechanics guarantee its security,such as Heisenberg's inaccuracy principle and the unclonability principle which are different from classical ciphers.Therefore,quantum cryptography is theoretically capable of achieving unconditional security.Recently,with the continuous development of quantum cryptography,its related research has received wide attention.Meanwhile,the quantum key agreement is an important branch of quantum cryptography and a quantum channel-based security protocol that calls for a secure shared key able to be negotiated between participants and does not allow any part of the participants to control the generation of this key.Unlike classical key agreement protocols relying on mathematical hard problems to guarantee security,the security of quantum key agreement protocols is guaranteed by the basic principles of quantum mechanics and can achieve unconditional security,thus better meeting practical needs.However,general quantum key agreement protocols can only satisfy the cases where all participants have full quantum capabilities.Thus,semi-quantum key agreements have been proposed by scholars,which means that one participant in the protocol has full quantum capability while the other participants have only semi-quantum capability.In this case,some of the large institutions or companies are treated as entities with full quantum capabilities,while some ordinary users are treated as entities with semi-quantum capabilities who only need to employ the Z-base{|0,|1}for quantum state preparation or measurement.However,there are still few studies on multi-party semiquantum key agreement protocols,with cases of reliance on trusted third parties or low efficiency of quantum bits.Therefore,the multi-party semi-quantum key agreement protocol is significant to be studied.Methods We design a new four-party semi-quantum key protocol based on a four-
作者
何业锋
庞一博
狄曼
岳玉茹
刘继祥
李国庆
He Yefeng;Pang Yibo;Di Man;Yue Yuru;Liu Jixiang;Li Guoqing(School of Cyberspace Security,Xi'an University of Posts and Telecommunications,Xi'an 710121,Shaanxi,China)
出处
《光学学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第20期263-269,共7页
Acta Optica Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金(61802302)
陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(2021JM-462)。
