摘要
【研究目的】地热能作为一种清洁高效的可再生能源,在能源紧缺与气候变化的双重驱动下,正逐渐受到各国重视。开发地热资源,成为加快能源结构调整以及“双碳”目标实现的重要途径。近年来,土耳其地热能产业高速发展,截至2021年,地热发电总装机容量约为中国的30多倍,地热能直接利用则由2005年的1177 MW增加到2022年的4000 MW,取得了举世瞩目的成绩。土耳其与中国共处于地中海—喜马拉雅地热带上,地热资源丰富,土耳其地热能产业发展对于中国具有重要借鉴意义。【研究方法】本文采用文献综述的方法,分析土耳其地热资源条件,研究地热能产业发展现状,总结其快速发展的原因。结合中国地热资源条件与发展现状,借鉴土耳其经验,剖析影响中国地热发展的主要问题,提出对策与建议。【研究结果】研究表明,21世纪以来,土耳其政府大力支持地热能产业发展,其快速发展的原因和主要经验有:(1)政府承担前期勘探工作,有效降低企业开发风险;(2)政策引导、立法补贴,有效提高开发企业积极性,降低投资成本;(3)融资支持,为地热能发展提供资金保障;(4)国际合作、技术引领,有力促进地热能高效开发利用。【结论】借鉴土耳其地热能产业快速发展经验,结合中国实际,提出以下建议:(1)立法先行,完善管理机制,明确地热开发利用规程;(2)政策激励、补贴支持,充分调动企业积极性;(3)科学布局,实现地热产业高效发展;(4)加强国际交流,助力技术进步;(5)增强公众意识,提高地热能认知度。
This paper is the result of geothermal geological survey engineering.[Objective]Geothermal energy,as a kind of clean and efficient renewable energy,is gradually attracting the attention of all countries under the dual drive of energy shortage and climate change.The development of geothermal resources has become an important way to accelerate the adjustment of energy structure and achieve the goal of"double carbon".In recent years,Türkiye's geothermal energy industry has developed at a high speed.By 2021,the total installed capacity of geothermal power generation will be about 30 times that of China,and the direct utilization of geothermal energy will increase from 1177 MW in 2005 to 4000 MW in 2022,making these remarkable achievements.Türkiye and China are both located in the Mediterranean Himalayan geotropics,where geothermal resources are abundant.The development of Türkiye's geothermal energy industry is of great significance to China.[Method]This paper uses the method of literature review to analyze the conditions of geothermal resources in Türkiye,study the development status of geothermal energy industry,and summarize the reasons for its rapid development.Combined with the conditions and development status of China's geothermal resources,and drawing on Türkiye's experience,this paper analyzes the main problems affecting China's geothermal development,and puts forward countermeasures and suggestions.[Results]The research shows that Türkiye's government has vigorously supported the development of geothermal energy industry since the 21st century.The reasons and main experiences of its rapid development include:(1)The government undertakes the preliminary exploration work,effectively reducing the development risk of enterprises;(2)Policy guidance and legislative subsidies can effectively improve the enthusiasm of development enterprises and reduce investment costs;(3)Financing support to provide financial guarantee for geothermal energy development;(4)International cooperation and technology guidance wil
作者
崔俊艳
李胜涛
姚亚辉
刘东林
刘伟朋
王君照
CUI Junyan;LI Shengtao;YAO Yahui;LIU Donglin;LIUWeipeng;WANG Junzhao(Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing 100037,China;Center for Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology Survey,China Geology Survey,Tianjin 300304,China;Tianjin Geothermal Resources Exploration and Development Engineering Research Center,Tianjin 300304,China)
出处
《中国地质》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第5期1375-1386,共12页
Geology in China
基金
国家重点研发计划(2021YFB1507404)
中国地质调查局项目“东部地区干热岩资源调查评价(DD20221680)”
“天津东丽区-河北牛驼镇地热资源调查与试验(DD20190127)”联合资助。
关键词
地热能
地热发电
直接利用
启示
地震带
地热地质调查工程
土耳其
geothermal energy
geothermal power generation
direct utilization
enlightenment
seismic zone
geothermal geological survey engineering
Türkiye
