摘要
本研究针对景观观赏性植物向日葵在添加了普通生物炭与H3PO4改性生物炭的盐碱地土壤中的生长表现进行了深入探讨,同时研究了生物炭对土壤的理化特性、微生物群落多样性及酶活性的影响。实验在盐碱地土壤中添加不同浓度的普通生物炭(1%,2%,3%)和H3PO4改性生物炭(1%,2%,3%),之后在该地种植向日葵。播种后15 d记录萌发率,45 d时,进一步检测了植物的农艺性状、叶绿素含量、Na^(+)和K^(+)含量,以及土壤的理化性质、微生物群落功能多样性和酶活性。实验结果表明:普通生物炭和H3PO4改性生物炭均有效提高了向日葵的出苗率,增强了植株高度、叶面积、地上与地下的干物质质量,增加了叶绿素含量,同时降低了Na^(+)含量并提高了K^(+)含量。此外,这两种生物炭都成功降低了土壤的pH值,并增强了土壤养分、微生物群落功能多样性及酶活性。比较两者发现,H3PO4改性生物炭在促进向日葵生长和土壤改良上的效果更为显著。综上,普通生物炭与H3PO4改性生物炭都可以显著优化盐碱地中观赏向日葵的萌发和生长,以及改进土壤的理化特性、微生物群落多样性及酶活性,其中H3PO4改性生物炭在促进生长和土壤修复方面展现了更高的潜力和应用价值。
This study delves deeply into the growth performance of ornamental sunflowers in saline-alkali soils augmented with standard biochar and H_3PO_4-modified biochar.Concurrently,we investigated the impact of biochar on the physicochemical properties of the soil,the diversity of microbial communities,and enzyme activities.The experiment involved the addition of varying concentrations of standard biochar(1%,2%,3%)and H_3PO_4-modified biochar(1%,2%,3%)to saline-alkali soils,followed by planting sunflowers.Fifteen days post-sowing,germination rates were recorded.By day 45,we further examined the plants'agronomic traits,chlorophyll content,Na^(+)and K^(+)levels,and the soil's physicochemical properties,functional diversity of microbial communities,and enzyme activities.Results indicated that both the standard biochar and H_3PO_4-modified biochar effectively increased the germination rates of sunflowers,enhanced plant height,leaf area,and dry matter mass of both above-ground and below-ground parts.They also increased chlorophyll content while decreasing Na^(+)levels and increasing K^(+)levels.Moreover,both biochars successfully reduced the soil's pH value and enhanced soil nutrients,microbial community functional diversity,and enzyme activities.Upon comparison,the H_3PO_4-modified biochar exhibited more pronounced effects in promoting sunflower growth and improving soil quality.In conclusion,both standard and H_3PO_4-modified biochars can significantly optimize the germination and growth of ornamental sunflowers in saline-alkali soils,as well as enhance the soil's physicochemical properties,microbial community diversity,and enzyme activities.The H_3PO_4-modified biochar,in particular,demonstrated higher potential and applicability in promoting growth and soil remediation.
作者
杨娟
Yang Juan(Henan Vocational Institute of Arts,Zhengzhou,450011)
出处
《分子植物育种》
CAS
北大核心
2023年第22期7592-7598,共7页
Molecular Plant Breeding
