摘要
面对近40年来在美国不断扩大的社会两极分化和不平等问题,经济学家约瑟夫·斯蒂格利茨努力构建一个旨在将微观经济与国家宏观政策有机结合的理论框架,以推进其改良资本主义的理念。其著作《不平等的代价》和《美国真相》代表了他在研究美国社会两极分化问题方面的重要成果。这些著作以美国社会中上层精英与下层群体之间不断扩大的经济不平等为切入点,深入探讨了不平等现象背后的国家治理结构性问题,如社会贫富差距在加速扩大;阶层固化愈加明显;两极分化导致社会规范崩坏等。针对以上问题,斯蒂格利茨提出了一系列基于改良主义内核的策略和措施,包括抛弃以新自由主义经济学为内核的“小政府,大市场”理论,转向“有为政府”的思想方针;政府监管市场势力;落实政治改革议程和相关配套政策。尽管斯蒂格利茨的改良策略在理论上具有理想主义色彩,但也不能全部否定其在揭橥资本主义世界的不平等问题及其改革议程设计上的探索性。他的思考和建议不仅对美国,还对面临类似问题的其他国家提供了启示和借鉴,具有重要的指导意义。
In the face of the growing social polarization and inequality in the United States in the past 40 years,the economist Joseph Stiglitz strives to build a theoretical framework that aims to organically combine micro-economy with national macro-policy to promote its idea of improving capitalism.His works"The Price of Inequality"and"American Truth"represent his important achievements in the study of the polarization of American society.These works take the expanding economic inequality between the upper and middle elites and the lower groups in American society as the starting point,and deeply discuss the structural problems of national governance behind the inequality phenomenon,such as the accelerating gap between the rich and the poor in society.Class solidification is more obvious;polarization leads to the collapse of social norms and so on.In response to the above problems,Stiglitz put forward a series of strategies and measures based on the core of reformism,including abandoning the theory of"small government,big market"with neoliberal economics as the core,and turning to the ideological policy of"promising government";government regulation of market forces;implement the political reform agenda and related supporting policies.Although Stiglitz's improvement strategy is idealistic in theory,it cannot completely deny his exploration in revealing the inequality in the capitalist world and the design of his reform agenda.His thoughts and suggestions not only provide inspiration and reference for the United States,but also for other countries facing similar problems,and have important guiding significance.
出处
《决策与信息》
2023年第12期67-76,共10页
Decision & Information
基金
国家自然科学基金委面上项目“小数据疑难案件的可靠计算与司法公正性实证研究”(编号:72371145)成果。
