摘要
电动汽车用永磁电机普遍使用的高性能钕铁硼永磁材料在高温、强磁场等条件作用下易发生的不可逆失磁故障已成为该类电机高可靠性设计的主要瓶颈。针对电动汽车用永磁电机的失磁问题,该文利用永磁体虚拟分块方法,建立基于永磁体磁特性参数、工作温度、空间位置等变量的永磁体失磁分析模型;利用电磁场和温度场双向耦合的三维多物理场计算方法,研究了永磁电机失磁的空间分布特性及其影响因素。结果表明,永磁电机失磁空间分布存在明显的不均匀性。永磁体失磁分布规律受其工作温度、退磁电流幅值与角度等因素影响。最后,通过一台115 kW的永磁驱动电机样机在永磁体工作温度、转子表磁磁场分布、电机性能方面的测试,验证了该文所提分析方法和结论的准确性。
High-performance Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet materials commonly used in permanent magnet synchronous motors for electric vehicles are prone to irreversible demagnetization under high temperatures and strong magnetic fields.It has become the main bottleneck of the high-reliability design of permanent magnet drive motors.The cavity structure and cooling method of the permanent magnet synchronous motor determine the spatial distribution differences of the working temperature of the permanent magnet.In order to study effective methods for preventing demagnetization faults in permanent magnet synchronous motors,it is necessary to accurately calculate the demagnetization spatial distribution characteristics of permanent magnets and understand their influencing factors.This paper uses the permanent magnet virtual partitioning method to establish a permanent magnet local demagnetization analysis model based on its magnetic characteristic parameters,working temperature,spatial position,and other variables.The spatial distribution and influencing factors of local demagnetization are studied using the three-dimensional and multi-physical field calculation method with a two-way coupling of the electromagnetic field and temperature field.Finally,the accuracy of the analysis method and results is verified by testing the permanent magnet operating temperature,the magnetic field distribution on the rotor,and the motor performance of a 115 kW-8 pole permanent magnet synchronous motor prototype.Simulation results show that when the demagnetization current is 600 A,800 A,and 900 A,and the demagnetization current angle is 90°,the maximum demagnetization rate of the permanent magnet is 13.44%,45.37%,and 62.13%,respectively.When the demagnetization current is 800 A and the demagnetization current angles are 0°,30°,60°,and 90°,the maximum demagnetization rates of the permanent magnet are 1.7%,19.49%,34.79%,and 45.37%,respectively.The maximum difference in the spatial distribution of the working temperature of the permanent magnet rea
作者
崔刚
熊斌
黄康杰
李振国
阮琳
Cui Gang;Xiong Bin;Huang Kangjie;Li Zhenguo;Ruan Lin(Institute of Electrical Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190 China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100149 China)
出处
《电工技术学报》
EI
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第22期5959-5974,共16页
Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(52177064,U22A20219)。
关键词
永磁同步电机(PMSM)
钕铁硼永磁体
局部失磁
多物理场耦合
失磁影响
空间分布
Permanent magnet synchronous motor(PMSM)
Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet
local demagneti-zation
multi-physical field coupling
demagnetization effect
space distribution
