摘要
为分析城市隧道出入口段及中间段驾驶人的紧张情绪,选取重庆市向黄隧道、真武山隧道、长冲隧道和八一隧道为研究对象,利用照度计、光透过率检测仪、眼动仪等试验设备开展现场实车试验,采集照度、光透过率、扫视幅度等参数,同时开展紧张情绪问卷调查。基于所得数据,分析扫视速度在不同时间及空间下的分布特性,建立明暗适应段的扫视速度与照度变化率,中间段的扫视速度与照度、光透过率的函数关系模型。结合问卷调查等级,采用3σ准则划分明暗适应段及中间段的扫视速度分级区间,并与问卷调查结果进行对比验证。最后通过函数关系模型,反向求解得到紧张情绪在明暗适应段变化较小时所需的照度变化率控制范围。结果表明:扫视速度能反映驾驶人在明暗适应段和中间段紧张情绪的变化;当明暗适应段的照度变化率增大或中间段的照度、光透过率减小时,扫视速度提高,此时驾驶人紧张情绪加剧,反之则降低。
The increased nervousness increases the probability of the driver's wrong operation,thereby creating a safety hazard.To analyze the changes in driver's nervousness at the entrances,exits,and middle sections of urban tunnels,this paper selected Xianghuang Tunnel,Zhenwushan Tunnel,Changchong Tunnel,and Bayi Tunnel in Chongqing as the research objects.The illuminance value and light transmittance of the tunnel light environment in different periods and areas were collected by the illuminance meter and light transmittance detector,and the tested saccade amplitude data when driving in the tunnel were obtained by the eye tracker.At the same time,the questionnaire survey for nervousness was carried out.Based on the obtained data,the distribution characteristics of saccade speed in different periods and areas were analyzed.Through non-linear fitting,the functional relationship model between the saccade speed and the change rate of illuminance value in the light and dark adaptation segment of the tunnel,and between the saccade speed,illuminance value,and light transmittance in the middle segment was established.According to the questionnaire level,the 3o criterion was used to divide the saccade speed of the light and dark adaptation segment and the middle segment,and the results were compared with those of the questionnaire.Finally,the divided nervousness grading interval was substituted into the functional relationship model,and the reverse solution was obtained to obtain the range of illumination value change rate that could avoid the driver's nervousness being greatly increased in the light and dark adaptation segment.The test results show that the saccade speed index can reflect the driver's nervousness in the light and dark adaptation segment and the middle segment of the urban tunnel.When the change rate of illuminance value in the light and dark adaptation segment decreases or the illuminance value and light transmittance in the middle section increase,the saccade speed,and the nervousness decrease,which is conduci
作者
梁波
张红杰
牛佳安
秦杨
刘宁伟
秦灿
LIANG Bo;ZHANG Hongjie;NIU Jiaan;QIN Yang;LIU Ningwei;QIN Can(School of Civil Engineering&Architecture,Chongqing Jiaotong University,Chongqing 400074,China;State Key Laboratory of Mountain and Bridge Engineering,Chongqing Jiaotong University,Chongqing 400074,China;CISDI Group Co.,Ltd.,Chongqing 400013,China)
出处
《安全与环境学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第10期3623-3631,共9页
Journal of Safety and Environment
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(51678096)
重庆市研究生科研创新项目(2022B0004)。
关键词
安全人体学
实车试验
扫视速度
紧张情绪
safety somatology
real vehicle test
saccade speed
nervousness
