摘要
城市交叉口不同方向的驾驶人识别行人过街安全岛容易产生心理旋转效应,难以及时准确地辨识交通岛轮廓及线形,导致车辆撞击行人、撞击安全岛事故时有发生。以行人是否受伤害的关键速度30 km/h、50 km/h为依据,结合颜色恒常性与形状恒常性,提出一种具备多级线形诱导、多级轮廓诱导功能的安全岛设施设计方法,以缓解心理旋转效应。结合3ds Max软件构建仿真模型对改善后的有益效果进行验证,并以驾驶人视认距离作为评价指标。结果表明,针对安全岛改善后方案,交叉口各入口方向驾驶人视认距离能够提升44%以上。城市交叉口行人过街安全岛采用多级线形诱导与多级轮廓诱导方案,能够显著提高行人过街安全性并优化驾驶人视距视区。
It is likely to produce a mental rotation effect when drivers recognize pedestrian islands from different directions at urban intersections.And it is difficult to accurately identify the contour and alignment of traffic islands in time,which can result in traffic accidents easily.This study combines color constancy with shape constancy according to the critical speed(30 km/h and 50 km/h)of the pedestrian injury and proposes a design method for traffic island facilities.The method has the functions of multistage alignment induction and multistage contour induction.It sets up road studs,delineator posts,Belisha beacons,and other facilities of different heights together.These cylindrical,spherical,circular,and arc-shaped facilities can meet the 360°omnidirectional vision needs of drivers,and the combination of different colors can meet different types of drivers visual needs,which helps alleviate the negative effects of mental rotation.The research also builds a simulation model by 3ds Max software and verifies the beneficial effect of using the E-Prime platform.The experiment takes the visual recognition distance of drivers as an evaluation index.The results show that the visual range of drivers on the side of the road with a safety island is better than that without a safety island.The visual recognition distance of drivers is enhanced by more than 44%at different directions of the intersection,and the combination of facilities at different heights can expand the driver's visual range.Then the improved scheme has greater benefits in raising the traffic safety level of the branch road,it can also significantly reduce the accident of island collisions caused by poor sight when the vehicles turn left on the branch road.In addition,the improved plan adopted the double-layer protection of a combined isolation barrier,which can effectively guarantee the safety of pedestrians on the island even if the vehicle crashes into it.Finally,the research results of this paper provide a new reference direction for the improvement
作者
杜志刚
杨柳
韩磊
许富强
陈灿
DU Zhigang;YANG Liu;HAN Lei;XU Fuqiang;CHEN Can(School of Transportation and Logistics Engineering,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430063,China)
出处
《安全与环境学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第9期3043-3050,共8页
Journal of Safety and Environment
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目(52072291)。
关键词
安全工程
城市交叉口
行人安全岛
心理旋转
视认距离
safety engineering
urban intersection
pedestrian island
mental rotation
visual cognition distance
